“…4 (g)). As a result, the area below mean sea level increased on the Nobi Plain: this area spanned more than 230 km2 in the late 1950s and 270 km2 (18.5% of the entire Nobi Plain) in 1982 (Daito, 2015). Subsidence increases the risk of flooding: in Typhoon Vera in 1959, which caused 5,238 deaths, 310 km2 of the Nobi Plain, including the Nagoya metropolitan area, was inundated, of which 230 km2 was flooded for over two months.…”
Section: Era 2 (1945-1975): Transition From a Flood-adapted Society T...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Subsidence increases the risk of flooding: in Typhoon Vera in 1959, which caused 5,238 deaths, 310 km2 of the Nobi Plain, including the Nagoya metropolitan area, was inundated, of which 230 km2 was flooded for over two months. In response to this severe land subsidence, national and prefectural governments issued a series of regulations prohibiting groundwater pumping after 1974 (Daito, 2015). Although these regulations have reduced the amount of groundwater pumping, the risk of flooding due to land subsidence continues to the present day.…”
Section: Era 2 (1945-1975): Transition From a Flood-adapted Society T...mentioning
Abstract. Floodplain societies decide whether to protect themselves against floods (fight), live with floods (adapt), or a combination of the two. The formation of a levee system is an important factor in determining whether a society fight or adapt to flood; however, these factors have been considered as fixed boundaries in previous studies in human-flood interaction. We analyse a levee system transformation process covering the past century, from the indigenous ring-type levee system with floods to modern continuous levees against floods in the Kiso River basin, Japan, by applying a historical sociohydrological approach. The results show degradation processes of the indigenous levee system and traditional communities alongside the installation of modern continuous levees, and a trade-off relationship was observed between the lengths of both. There are interactions between the levee systems and the human-water system through various water uses and different scale components, and the dynamics within the region are connected to external socioeconomic trends through the installed modern levees and institutions.
“…4 (g)). As a result, the area below mean sea level increased on the Nobi Plain: this area spanned more than 230 km2 in the late 1950s and 270 km2 (18.5% of the entire Nobi Plain) in 1982 (Daito, 2015). Subsidence increases the risk of flooding: in Typhoon Vera in 1959, which caused 5,238 deaths, 310 km2 of the Nobi Plain, including the Nagoya metropolitan area, was inundated, of which 230 km2 was flooded for over two months.…”
Section: Era 2 (1945-1975): Transition From a Flood-adapted Society T...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Subsidence increases the risk of flooding: in Typhoon Vera in 1959, which caused 5,238 deaths, 310 km2 of the Nobi Plain, including the Nagoya metropolitan area, was inundated, of which 230 km2 was flooded for over two months. In response to this severe land subsidence, national and prefectural governments issued a series of regulations prohibiting groundwater pumping after 1974 (Daito, 2015). Although these regulations have reduced the amount of groundwater pumping, the risk of flooding due to land subsidence continues to the present day.…”
Section: Era 2 (1945-1975): Transition From a Flood-adapted Society T...mentioning
Abstract. Floodplain societies decide whether to protect themselves against floods (fight), live with floods (adapt), or a combination of the two. The formation of a levee system is an important factor in determining whether a society fight or adapt to flood; however, these factors have been considered as fixed boundaries in previous studies in human-flood interaction. We analyse a levee system transformation process covering the past century, from the indigenous ring-type levee system with floods to modern continuous levees against floods in the Kiso River basin, Japan, by applying a historical sociohydrological approach. The results show degradation processes of the indigenous levee system and traditional communities alongside the installation of modern continuous levees, and a trade-off relationship was observed between the lengths of both. There are interactions between the levee systems and the human-water system through various water uses and different scale components, and the dynamics within the region are connected to external socioeconomic trends through the installed modern levees and institutions.
Abstract. Floodplain societies decide whether to protect themselves against floods (fight), live with floods (adapt), or adopt an approach that represents some combination of the two. The formation of a levee system is an important factor in determining whether a society fights or adapts to floods; however, these factors have been considered fixed boundaries in previous studies in human–flood interactions. We analyze a levee system transformation process covering the past century, from the indigenous ring-type levee system with floods to modern continuous levees against floods in the Kiso River basin in Japan by applying a historical sociohydrological approach. The results show degradation processes of the indigenous levee system and traditional communities alongside the installation of modern continuous levees, and a trade-off relationship was observed between the lengths of both. There are interactions between the levee systems and the human–water system through various water uses and different-scale components, and the dynamics within the region are connected to external socioeconomic trends through the installed modern levees and institutions.
The Nobi Plain, north of Ise Bay, Japan, is a Holocene fluvialcoastal lowland formed mainly by the Kiso, Nagara, and Ibi rivers. This paper introduces the late Pleistocene to Holocene sedimentary sequence and landforms of the plain. The landforms are classified into low-gradient alluvial fans, floodplains, and deltas using aerial photograph interpretation. The stratigraphy of the plain since around the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) is divided from bottom to top into First Gravel, the Nobi Formation, and the Nan yo Formation mainly on the basis of lithofacies by analyzing borehole columns. Many valuable data have been accumulated by detailed sediment facies analyses and radiocarbon dating of borehole core sediments, especially during the last years. These data have enabled us to understand the evolution of the sedimentary sequence in response to sea-level change during the last , years at a millennial timescale. However, information for the interval between the LGM and the Younger Dryas is very limited. Reconstruction of the three-dimensional stratigraphic architecture of incised-valley fills and the estimation of sediment storage of the deltaic deposits were performed by analyzing existing borehole columns and radiocarbon ages and using a geographic information system. Sediment storage increased considerably after cal BP probably as a result of the increase in sediment production accompanying human activity in the drainage basin. Recent human activities in the drainage basin have caused marked changes in its aqueous and sedimentary environments. The changes are visible in the form of features such as land subsidence, local riverbed scouring, and ecological changes.
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