Current State of Circulating MicroRNAs as Cancer Biomarkers

He, Yuqing; Lin, Juanjuan; Kong, Danli; Huang, Ming-Yuan; Xu, Chengkai; Kim, Taek‐Kyun; Etheridge, Alton; Luo, Yanhong; Ding, Yuanlin; Wang, Kai

doi:10.1373/clinchem.2015.241190

Cited by 210 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Microarray-based miRNA measurement platforms provide overall miRNA expression profiles with reasonable cost and throughput. Nevertheless, although qPCR is more expensive per sample and has a lower throughput, the amplification technology offers a much higher sensitivity than microarrays (13). NGS can identify new miRNAs, is cheaper than microarray or qPCR and requires small amount of samples even though is tedious and has very long handling time.…”

Section: Status Of Circulating Mirna Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circulating microRNAs as emerging non-invasive biomarkers for gliomas

Santangelo¹,

Tamanini²,

Cabrini³

et al. 2017

Ann. Transl. Med.

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No single circulating biomarker has been put to practice for malignant gliomas so far, the most lethal primary brain tumors. Many promising protein biomarkers such as the mutant EGFRvIII or glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) have already been detected in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with gliomas, but their clinical value is still pending validation. Furthermore, these and other proteins seem to lack sufficient sensitivity and specificity required for a successful biomarker in this clinical setting. The expression profiling of microRNAs (miRNAs) has already entered cancer clinics as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, for assessing tumor initiation, progression and response to treatment. Largescale miRNA expression analyses reported both up-regulation and down-regulation of several miRNAs in tumour tissues from patients with gliomas compared to normal brain tissue, thus supporting the development of miRNA-based biomarkers. Using comprehensive high-throughput approaches, such as microarrays, different circulating miRNAs were proposed as potential biomarkers of gliomas. This review is aimed to summarize the clinical evidence about circulating miRNA biomarkers discovered to date. Mandatory issues to develop clinically validated biomarkers to improve time of diagnosis, predicting response to treatment and prognosis of patients with gliomas are also herein addresses.

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Section: Status Of Circulating Mirna Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NGS can identify new miRNAs, is cheaper than microarray or qPCR and requires small amount of samples even though is tedious and has very long handling time. Therefore, qPCR remains the top choice for validation and clinical analysis of large numbers of samples (13).…”

Section: Status Of Circulating Mirna Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating microRNAs as emerging non-invasive biomarkers for gliomas

Santangelo¹,

Tamanini²,

Cabrini³

et al. 2017

Ann. Transl. Med.

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“…However, studies to date have yielded inconsistent results and clinical assays remain elusive. A number of recent reviews [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] have thoroughly discussed the challenges and pitfalls involved in accurately quantifying miRNAs, including pre-analytical, analytical, and methodological factors that contribute to result heterogeneity. There is clearly an urgent need for a global consensus on study design and laboratory procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in, variability out: best practice recommendations to standardize pre-analytical variables in the detection of circulating and tissue microRNAs

Khan

Lieberman

Lockwood

2017

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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microRNAs (miRNAs) hold promise as biomarkers for a variety of disease processes and for determining cell differentiation. These short RNA species are robust, survive harsh treatment and storage conditions and may be extracted from blood and tissue. Pre-analytical variables are critical confounders in the analysis of miRNAs: we elucidate these and identify best practices for minimizing sample variation in blood and tissue specimens. Preanalytical variables addressed include patient-intrinsic variation, time and temperature from sample collection to storage or processing, processing methods, contamination by cells and blood components, RNA extraction method, normalization, and storage time/conditions. For circulating miRNAs, hemolysis and blood cell contamination significantly affect profiles; samples should be processed within 2 h of collection; ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) is preferred while heparin should be avoided; samples should be "double spun" or filtered; room temperature or 4 °C storage for up to 24 h is preferred; miRNAs are stable for at least 1 year at -20 °C or -80 °C. For tissuebased analysis, warm ischemic time should be < 1 h; cold ischemic time (4 °C) < 24 h; common fixative used for all specimens; formalin fix up to 72 h prior to processing; enrich for cells of interest; validate candidate biomarkers with in situ visualization. Most importantly, all specimen types should have standard and common workflows with careful documentation of relevant pre-analytical variables.

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“…miRNAs are stable molecules that may be developed as biomarkers for various diseases and their levels are high in the peripheral blood (15). In addition, miRNAs are involved in almost all pathological and physiological processes in eukaryotic cells, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease and inflammation (16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of microRNA‑26a in the diagnosis of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in patients with bone trauma

2017

Exp Ther Med

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Abstract. The present study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of action of microRNA (miR)-26a in deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Peripheral blood was collected from 45 patients with DVT and 40 healthy controls. Levels of miR-26a, chemokine C-C motif ligand (CCL)2 mRNA and CCL7 mRNA were detected using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and the value of miR-26a in the clinical diagnosis of DVT was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The correlation of miR-26a with CCL2 and CCL7 levels was analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation. In addition, miR-26a and protein kinase C δ (PRKCD) were overexpressed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and PRKCD expression was knocked down by small interfering (si)RNA. Western blotting was conducted to detect the expression of PRKCD and p65. Furthermore, a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was performed. The results of the current study demonstrated that the expression of miR-26a was significantly downregulated in the peripheral blood of patients with DVT compared with healthy controls (P<0.05) and negatively correlated with CCL2 and CCL7 levels (P<0.05). Furthermore, it was demonstrated that miR-26a markedly inhibited the expression of PRKCD, significantly decreased levels of CCL2 and CCL7 mRNA (P<0.05) and inhibited activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Overexpression of PRKCD in HUVECs inhibited the effects of miR-26a and markedly upregulated the phosphorylation of p65. The present study indicated that miR-26a directly targets PRKCD mRNA and that miR-26a may be a useful biomarker in the clinical diagnosis of DVT. Thus, the present findings suggest that miR-26a regulates the NF-κB signaling pathway by binding to PRKCD mRNA, inhibits the expression of CCL2 and CCL7 and reduces the risk of DVT.

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Current State of Circulating MicroRNAs as Cancer Biomarkers

Cited by 210 publications

References 70 publications

Circulating microRNAs as emerging non-invasive biomarkers for gliomas

Circulating microRNAs as emerging non-invasive biomarkers for gliomas

Variability in, variability out: best practice recommendations to standardize pre-analytical variables in the detection of circulating and tissue microRNAs

Role of microRNA‑26a in the diagnosis of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in patients with bone trauma

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