Current state and prospects of sunflower seed production

Abstract

Sydiakina O.V., Hamajunova V.V. Current state and prospects of sunflower seed productionThe article presents the results of analytical research on the current state of sunflower seed production in Ukraine, Europe, and the world. The statistical data from FAOSTAT for 2010-2021 served as the information base for scientific research. Comparative analysis, graphical and abstract-logical methods were used to achieve the goal. The analysis of statistical data indicates that the areas allocated for sunflower cultivation in Ukraine, Europe, and the world tend to increase. From 2010 to 2021, this increase in Europe was 49%, and in the world -28%. In Ukraine, during this period, the areas allocated for sunflower cultivation increased by 1.5 times, which is due to climate warming, a decrease in atmospheric precipitation, and sunflower being the most drought-resistant crop, as well as economically attractive for farmers. Some researchers claim that the areas allocated for sunflower cultivation in Ukraine significantly exceed all scientifically substantiated norms, which leads to crop losses from diseases and deterioration in the quality of produced products. Ukraine accounts for one-third of all sunflower planting areas in Europe. The share of global planting areas on average for

Features of Forming Soil Regimes under Sunflower Cultivation with Different Levels of Biologization in Non-irrigated Conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine

“…A significant inhibiting factor hindering the more intensive implementation of biologization principles in modern agriculture is a certain "psychological barrier" for At the same time, scientists have proven that the application of biologized methods in building the sunflower nutrition system by incorporating microbiological fertilizers into its cultivation technology, which are capable of converting immobilized and hard-to-access forms of macroelements from soil reserves into a highly labile state, chelated complex microfertilizers containing a full range of meso-and microelements together with macroelements and characterized by cumulative action and almost 100% assimilation, allows for a fundamental reconsideration of the principles of building the mineral nutrition system (Sydiakina and Pavlenko 2021; Alzamel et al, 2022). Modern biologized technologies for sunflower cultivation are based on a significant (up to 50-60%) transition of the crop's nutrient system from mineral fertilizers, which are characterized by high levels of inert substances, insufficient absorption by the plant's root system, significant losses of active substances before being absorbed by the soil absorption complex, etc., to biological multifunctional fertilizers (Domaratskiy et al, 2020;Domaratskyi, 2021;Sydiakina and Hamajunova 2023).…”