Current Progress of Electrospun Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery Applications

Abstract

Electrospinning is a powerful and cost-effective method that applies a strong electric field and polymer solution to fabricate versatile nanofiber using a wide array of raw materials for different biological applications. Electrospun nanofibers have developed as potential materials for the manufacturing of nanocarriers for therapeutic platforms due to controllable surface decoration, large surface areas, complex pore structure, good surface functionalization with high biocompatibility. The prominence of this technique is the possibility of merging low soluble drugs loaded in the nanofibers to enhance drug release and bioavailability. Incorporation of metal nanomaterials with electrocatalytic and/or plasmonic features into electrospun polymer nanofiber enhances thermodynamic and mechanical properties to obtain synergetic function and properties. This review comprehensively discusses an overview of theory of electrospinning, progress and concerns, and challenges currently face in fabricating efficient and effective drug delivery systems. Additionally, the drug-loaded into electrospun nanocarriers for drug delivery applications and insights into future prospects were explained.

Controlled Drug Delivery Systems: Current Status and Future Directions

“…The properties of nano-fibres, like diameter, morphology and porosity, can be modulated to obtain a wide range of drug release kinetics [ 92 ]. High loading efficiency and spatial distribution of drugs can be achieved with nanofibrous delivery systems [ 93 ]. Nanofibers can be synthesized by the electrospinning technique in which patterning could also be done to tune the drug release [ 94 ].…”

Electrospun Polymeric Nanofibers: Current Trends in Synthesis, Surface Modification, and Biomedical Applications

“…Electrospinning methods for the incorporation of drugs into nanofibers. Reproduced from ref . Available under a CC-BY 4.0 license.…”

“…Triaxial and multiaxial fibers comprise more fiber solutions using different bioactive agents. In the case of an island in the sea structure, a fiber matrix shell surrounds all of the drug molecules …”

“…As a result, the droplet deforms, and eventually, a charged jet is released from the cone’s apex and spreads toward the counter electrode, causing continuous fibers to develop . 1D nanomaterials can be synthesized using a top-down electrospinning technique with a variety of feedstocks, including melts, suspensions, polymers, sol–gels, and melts . Based on Taylor’s method, electrospinning can be expressed by the following: V c 2 = 4 H 2 h 2 [ ln true( 2 h R true) − 1.5 ] ( 1.3 π R γ ) ( 0.09 ) where V c = critical voltage, h = liquid column length, H = spinneret and collector distance, γ = surface tension of the polymer solution, and R = spinneret inner radius.…”

Co-encapsulation of berberine and piperine in coaxial electrosprayed chitosan nanoparticles for sustained release and improved berberine bioavailability

“…Among all these formulation technologies, coaxial electrospray (CES) stands up as a potential candidate belonging to electrohydrodynamic technology and popularly used for the preparation of multilayer nano-and microparticles using coaxial electri ed jets. CES also offers several bene ts including good bioactivity protection, high encapsulation e ciency, and uniform size distribution (Zhang et al 2012;Zare et al 2020). In this method, a consistent electric voltage is applied to two capillary needles in the CES setup.…”