Current Progress in Lipidomics of Marine Invertebrates

Imbs, Andrey B.; Ermolenko, Ekaterina V.; Grigorchuk, Valeria P.; Sikorskaya, Tatyana V.; Velansky, P. V.

doi:10.3390/md19120660

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…As expected, DGCC was detected in the Symbiodiniaceae-rich mantle, because the "zooxanthellae" are known to contain DGCC [16]: however, the presence of DGCC in the muscle and kidney, which harbor only a few algae, and in sperm and eggs where no symbiotic algae exist, was unexpected. DGCC is most likely biosynthesized in microalgae [27], and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that showed the presence of DGCC in animal cells, except for the above-mentioned Symbiodiniaceae-containing corals [28]. Therefore, the present observations led to a hypothesis that T. crocea take up algal DGCC and metabolites in their own cells and tissues.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Smart utilization of betaine lipids in giant clamTridacna crocea

Sakai

Goto‐Inoue

Yamashita

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The giant clam Tridacna crocea inhabits shallow tropical seas with poorly nourished water and severe sun irradiation. They harbor symbiotic algae zooxanthellae (dinoflagellate family Symbiodiniaceae) in the mantle tissue and are thought to thrive in this extreme environment by utilizing photosynthetic products from the algae. However, there is no measure of the detailed metabolic flow between the host and symbiont to evaluate one of the most successful symbiotic relationships in nature. Here, we employed liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based lipidomics and Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance MS imaging on T. crocea tissues, revealing a unique lipid composition and localization with their symbiont algae. We discovered that the non-phosphorous microalgal betaine lipid diacylglycerylcarboxy-hydroxymethylcholine (DGCC) was present in all tissues and organs of T. crocea to approximately the same degree as phosphatidylcholine (PC). The fatty acid composition of DGCC was similar to that of PC, which is thought to have physiological roles similar to that of DGCC. MS imaging showed co-localization of these lipids throughout the clam tissues. Glycerylcarboxy-hydroxymethylcholine (GCC), the deacylated derivative of DGCC, was found to be a free form of DGCC in the clams and was isolated and characterized from cultured Symbiodiniaceae strains that were isolated from giant clams. These results strongly suggest that giant clams have evolved to smartly utilize DGCCs, phosphorus-free polar lipids of symbiont algae, as essential membrane components to enable them to thrive in oligotrophic coral reef milieu.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Smart utilization of betaine lipids in giant clamTridacna crocea

Sakai

Goto‐Inoue

Yamashita

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Although phospholipids have drawn intense interest in recent years as substances with the potential for human health benefits, and although modern LC-MS lipidomic methods have been used extensively, only limited studies are available on the phospholipid content of starfish and sea cucumbers [ 148 ]. The investigation of the composition of phospholipids in several echinoderm species by LC-ESI MS revealed the predomination of alkylacyl-PC and alkenylacyl-PE forms in starfish and sea cucumbers [ 141 ].…”

Section: Ms-based Metabolomic Profiling Approaches To the Study Of St...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of MS-Based Metabolomic Approaches in Analysis of Starfish and Sea Cucumber Bioactive Compounds

2022

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Today, marine natural products are considered one of the main sources of compounds for drug development. Starfish and sea cucumbers are potential sources of natural products of pharmaceutical interest. Among their metabolites, polar steroids, triterpene glycosides, and polar lipids have attracted a great deal of attention; however, studying these compounds by conventional methods is challenging. The application of modern MS-based approaches can help to obtain valuable information about such compounds. This review provides an up-to-date overview of MS-based applications for starfish and sea cucumber bioactive compounds analysis. While describing most characteristic features of MS-based approaches in the context of starfish and sea cucumber metabolites, including sample preparation and MS analysis steps, the present paper mainly focuses on the application of MS-based metabolic profiling of polar steroid compounds, triterpene glycosides, and lipids. The application of MS in metabolomics studies is also outlined.

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“…The study of marine invertebrates has recently increased, resulting in a rapid increase in the number of publications on lipidomics (fatty acids and lipid classes). However, studies on the molecular species of these invertebrates are limited, especially those within Echinodermata such as sea urchins [1]. Approximately 950 species of sea urchins have been identified globally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Component and Content of Lipid Classes and Phospholipid Molecular Species of Eggs and Body of the Vietnamese Sea Urchin Tripneustes gratilla

et al. 2023

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Sea urchins (Tripneustes gratilla) are among the most highly prized seafood products in Vietnam because of their nutritional value and medicinal properties. In this research, lipid classes and the phospholipid (PL) molecular species compositions from the body and eggs of T. gratilla collected in Hon Tam, Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam, were investigated. Hydrocarbon and wax (HW), triacylglycerol (TG), mono- and diacylglycerol (MDAG), free fatty acid (FFA), sterol (ST), polar lipid (PoL), and monoalkyl-diacylglycerol are the major lipid classes. In PL, five main glycerophospholipid classes have been identified, in which 137 PL molecular species were detected in the body and eggs of T. gratilla, including 20 inositol glycerophospholipids (PI), 11 serine glycerophospholipids (PS), 22 ethanolamine glycerophospholipids (PE), 11 phosphatidic acids (PA), and 73 choline glycerophospholipids (PC). PI 18:0/20:4, PS 20:1/20:1, PE 18:1e/20:4, PA 20:1/20:1, and PC 18:0e/20:4 are the most abundant species with the highest content values of 38.65–48.19%, 42.48–44.41%, 41.21–40.03%, 52.42–52.60%, and 7.77–7.18% in each class of the body–eggs, respectively. Interestingly, PL molecules predominant in the body sample were also found in the egg sample. The molecular species with the highest content account for more than 40% of the total species in each molecular class. However, in the PC class containing 73 molecular species, the highest content species amounted to only 7.77%. For both the body and egg TL samples of the sea urchin T. gratilla, a substantial portion of C20:4n polyunsaturated fatty acid was found in PI, PE, and PC, but C16, C18, C20, and C22 saturated fatty acids were reported at low levels. The most dominant polyunsaturated fatty acid in PI, PE, and PC was tetracosapolyenoic C20, while unsaturated fatty acid C20:1 was the most dominant in PS and PA. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the chemical properties of TL and phospholipid molecular species of the PoL of Vietnamese sea urchin (T. gratilla) have been studied.

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Current Progress in Lipidomics of Marine Invertebrates

Cited by 28 publications

References 87 publications

Smart utilization of betaine lipids in giant clamTridacna crocea

Smart utilization of betaine lipids in giant clamTridacna crocea

Application of MS-Based Metabolomic Approaches in Analysis of Starfish and Sea Cucumber Bioactive Compounds

Component and Content of Lipid Classes and Phospholipid Molecular Species of Eggs and Body of the Vietnamese Sea Urchin Tripneustes gratilla

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