Current Principles of Non-Invasive Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity (Part 1)

Abstract

Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is prevalent among the global population, affecting between 8% and 57%, with an average of 33.5%, thereby reducing the quality of life due to discomfort and pain. Despite DH being a widespread issue, there are no universally accepted guidelines for choosing reliable treatment methods. As the number of products designed to reduce dentin sensitivity increases, it becomes more challenging for dentists to make the informed choice. This literature review aims to explain the mechanisms of action and the sequence of use of contemporary dentin desensitization agents available on the market. Purpose. To provide the overview and discuss current principles and technical approaches to the treatment of DH in dental practice, with particular emphasis on hygiene products aimed at reducing nerve ending sensitivity and occluding dentin tubules. Materials and Methods. The literature search on DH treatment was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Keywords used in the search included “dentin hypersensitivity”, “dentin hypersensitivity treatment” and “dentin hypersensitivity prevention”. The articles included in this review were published between 2019 and 2024, with full-text availability in English. Some references published earlier were also cited based on their relevance to DH treatment. Conclusions. There are various potential causes of DH and available treatment options. Each patient should be provided with an individualized plan, beginning with non-invasive treatment options. Therefore, communication between the doctor and the patient regarding rational hygiene practices, behavior modification, and the effectiveness of individual hygiene products is crucial for the successful treatment of this condition. Prospects for further research. The clinical significance of this review lies in the necessity of uncovering the dental and medical history of the patient, as well as identifying active etiological factors of DH, if possible, at the beginning of treatment. The results obtained will contribute to the correct choice of individual hygiene products and the provision of quality dental care to patients.