Current perspectives in drug discovery against tuberculosis from natural products

Abstract

Currently, one third of the world's population is latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), while 8.9-9.9 million new and relapse cases of tuberculosis (TB) are reported yearly. The renewed research interests in natural products in the hope of discovering new and novel antitubercular leads have been driven partly by the increased incidence of multidrug-resistant strains of MTB and the adverse effects associated with the first- and second-line antitubercular drugs. Natural products have been, and will continue to be a rich source of new drugs against many diseases. The depth and breadth of therapeutic agents that have their origins in the secondary metabolites produced by living organisms cannot be compared with any other source of therapeutic agents. Discovery of new chemical molecules against active and latent TB from natural products requires an interdisciplinary approach, which is a major challenge facing scientists in this field. In order to overcome this challenge, cutting edge techniques in mycobacteriology and innovative natural product chemistry tools need to be developed and used in tandem. The present review provides a cross-linkage to the most recent literature in both fields and their potential to impact the early phase of drug discovery against TB if seamlessly combined.

Antitubercular activity of the pigment from forest soil <i>Streptomyces</i> sp SFA5

“…Discovery of natural product hits and their progression towards development includes extraction of the crude extract from the source, concentration, fractionation and purification to yield a single bioactive compound (Nguta et al, 2015).…”

Antituberculosis Activity of Brotowali (Tinospora crispa) Extract and Fractions against Mycobacterium tuberculosis using Microplate Alamar Blue Assay Method

“…TB treatment is generally consist of combination of four first line drugs: isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide for two Correspondence author: Retno Wahyuningrum Email : retno_aulady@yahoo.com months and followed by four additional months of isoniazid and rifampicin therapy (Nguta et al, 2015). Unfortunately, in the last few decades, multi-drug resistant (MDR-TB) was arised.…”

“…In 2014, there were 480.000 MDR-TB cases and estimated 190.000 people died because of this disease (World Health Organization, 2015). Approximately 9.6% of the total MDR-TB cases are classified as extensively drug-resisten tuberculosis (XDR-TB) (Nguta et al, 2015). In this cases, M. tuberculosis strain is not only resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin, but also resistant to any fluoroquinolones and to at least first line injectable antituberculosis drug, i.e amikacin, capreomycin, and kanamycin.…”

“…It can be done by screen novel compound from a natural product such as plant species (Alvin et al, 2014). Natural products are considered as potential anti-TB agents (Nguta et al, 2015) Tinospora crispa (L.) Miers ex Hook.f.Thoms) is a member of Menispermaceae. It is widely known as Brotowali in Indonesia.…”

Lung Microbiota in Tuberculosis. There are No Small Roles, Only Small Actors

“…Although tuberculosis is treatable, antibiotic-resistant tuberculosis is a growing global concern. This has triggered a fervent search for new antibiotics and alternative approaches to fighting tuberculosis [9].…”