Current-mode third-order quadrature oscillator

Voltage-Mode and Current-Mode Resistorless Third-Order Quadrature Oscillator

“…These circuits were used to design the second-order quadrature current outputs, quadrature voltage outputs, or both quadrature current and voltage outputs. In addition to all of the above second-order quadrature oscillators, several third-order quadrature oscillators have also been proposed [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

“…The third-order oscillator in Figure 3 of Reference [26] uses three voltage controlled differential voltage current conveyors (VC-DVCCs) and three grounded capacitors. The third-order oscillator in Reference [27] uses three MO-CCCIIs and three grounded capacitors. The third-order oscillator in Reference [28] uses three multiple-output current differencing transconductance amplifiers (MO-CDTAs) and three grounded capacitors.…”

Mixed-Mode Third-Order Quadrature Oscillator Based on Single MCCFTA

“…The QOs using active building blocks such as operational amplifier [31], second-generation current conveyor (CCII) [32][33][34], differential voltage current conveyor (DVCC) [35], operational transresistance amplifier (OTRA) [36], [37], [50], offer orthogonal control of CO and FO, but these structures lack the electronic tuning capability. A number of electronic-controlled third-order QOs have been reported using active building blocks such as current-controlled CCII (CCCII) [38], [39], current difference transconductance amplifier (CDTA) [40], [41], current-controlled CDTA (CCDTA) [42], current-controlled current conveyor transconductance amplifier (CCCTA) [43], [44], OTRA and MOS-C [45], DDCC and VDTA [46], [51], [52], differential voltage current conveyor transconductance amplifier (DVCCTA) [47]. They exhibit high potential for enjoying up the electronic tunability.…”

A Novel MO-DXCCII based CMQO Operated at Low Voltage

“…A CMQO provides two sinusoid currents with 90° phase difference and it is widely used in a large number of applications such as in communication, power electronics, measurement and instrumentation systems and signal processing. As a result, the technical literature is very well filled by a number of circuits of CMQO realized using different types of active elements such as current-controlled current conveyor (CCCII) [2][3][4], differential voltage current conveyor (DVCC) [5][6], current differencing transconductance amplifier (CDTA) [7][8][9][10], current differencing buffered amplifier (CDBA) [11], current conveyor transconductance amplifier (CCTA) [12], current controlled current conveyor transconductance amplifier (CCCCTA) [13][14] and current controlled current differencing transconductance amplifier (CCCDTA) [15][16]. Third order CMQOs are reported in [2, 3 and 9].…”