Current-Mirror-Based Potentiostats for Three-Electrode Amperometric Electrochemical Sensors

Ahmadi, Mohammad Mahdi; Jullien, G.A.

doi:10.1109/tcsi.2008.2005927

Cited by 153 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The third electrode, called a reference electrode (RE), serves as the true potential reference for WE and no current flows between WE and RE [27,28]. With such an architecture, CE is still free to polarize without affecting WE.…”

Section: Principle Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, an amperometric sensor is the core component of a potentiostat circuit [27,35,36], which provides two main functions [27]: (i) controlling the voltage between the working and reference electrodes, and (ii) measuring the current flowing through the sensor, i.e. between the working and counter electrodes.…”

Section: Measurement Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…between the working and counter electrodes. Several different circuit topologies of potentiostat exist [27,35,36]. The measurement circuitry of potentiostat in the cooperating laboratory gave only preliminary estimation of current fluctuations, but the used apparatus presented a high level of engineering.…”

Section: Measurement Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The approach identified possible imperfections in particular laboratory samples [30], but it failed to measure current fluctuations when samples sensed a non-zero NO2 concentration. Since a particular sensor is meant to be the part of potentiostat circuit based on an operation amplifier, we focused only on the simplest version of potentiostat based on the grounded WE configuration [27]. To minimize noise generated by other electronic components and to exclude influence of the operational amplifier, the measurement circuit consisted only of a battery, a potentiometer, a sensor and a loading resistance [6].…”

Section: Measurement Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Current Fluctuation Measurements of Amperometric Gas Sensors Constructed with Three Different Technology Procedures

Sedlák

Kuberský

Škarvada

et al. 2016

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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Electrochemical amperometric gas sensors represent a well-established and versatile type of devices with unique features: good sensitivity and stability, short response/recovery times, and low power consumption. These sensors operate at room temperature, and therefore have been applied in monitoring air pollutants and detection of toxic and hazardous gases in a number of areas . Some drawbacks of classical electrochemical sensors are overcome by the solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) based on ionic liquids. This work presents evaluation of an SPE-based amperometric sensor from the point of view of current fluctuations. The sensor is based on a novel three-electrode sensor platform with solid polymer electrolytes containing ionic liquid for detection of nitrogen dioxide − a highly toxic gas that is harmful to the environment and presenting a possible threat to human health even at low concentrations. The paper focuses on using noise measurement (electric current fluctuation measurement) for evaluation of electrochemical sensors which were constructed by different fabrication processes: (i) lift-off and drop-casting technology, (ii) screen printing technology on a ceramic substrate and (iii) screen printing on a flexible substrate.

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Section: Principle Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Current Fluctuation Measurements of Amperometric Gas Sensors Constructed with Three Different Technology Procedures

Sedlák

Kuberský

Škarvada

et al. 2016

Metrology and Measurement Systems

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show abstract

“…The voltage across the capacitor at that instance is calculated as (2) where is the clock period, is the output of the counter at the end of the second phase, and is the duration of the second phase. Solving (1) and (2) together results in (3) where the residual current is given by (4) can be expressed in terms of the number of bits generated in the second phase, , as (5) resulting in the following expression for the input residual current:…”

Section: Channel Vlsi Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

CMOS Neurotransmitter Microarray: 96-Channel Integrated Potentiostat With On-Die Microsensors

Nazari

Mazhab-Jafari

Leng

et al. 2013

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst.

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Abstract-A 8 12 array of integrated potentiostats for on-CMOS neurotransmitter imaging is presented. Each potentiostat channel measures bidirectional redox currents proportional to the concentration of a neurochemical. By combining the current-to-frequency and the single-slope analog-to-digital converter (ADC) architectures a total linear dynamic range of 95 dB is achieved. A 3.8 mm 3.1 mm prototype fabricated in a 0.35 standard CMOS technology was integrated with flat and 3D on-die gold microelectrodes and an on-chip microfluidic network. It is experimentally validated in in-situ recording of neurotransmitter dopamine.

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Application of class D power amplifiers in low power potentiostat circuits

Habibi

Ghanbari

2016

Circuit Theory & Apps

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Summary In this paper a low power CMOS potentiostat is presented for energy limited applications such as human implantable sensors. The main focus is on using different techniques to reduce the power consumption at different circuit blocks, especially in the output stage that delivers power to the electrochemical cell. The proposed technique includes the use of a class D amplifier to reduce conduction power dissipation compared with conventional linear methods. Power dissipation has been improved by several other considerations such as elimination of opamp blocks which consume static power, avoiding current sampling stages and using dynamic latched comparators for loop error calculations. Closed loop stability problem and a low power solution to overcome this issue are addressed in the paper. The role of effective parameters such as inductor value, output MOSFET dimensions and clock pulse timing has been investigated and optimization considerations are used to achieve the low power potentiostat. Evaluation results show that a 12.96‐μW potentiostat with 1.03‐μW power dissipation and 89% efficiency is achievable with a linearity of R2 = 0.998. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Current-Mirror-Based Potentiostats for Three-Electrode Amperometric Electrochemical Sensors

Cited by 153 publications

References 12 publications

Current Fluctuation Measurements of Amperometric Gas Sensors Constructed with Three Different Technology Procedures

Current Fluctuation Measurements of Amperometric Gas Sensors Constructed with Three Different Technology Procedures

CMOS Neurotransmitter Microarray: 96-Channel Integrated Potentiostat With On-Die Microsensors

Application of class D power amplifiers in low power potentiostat circuits

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