Current limits to reinforcer identification for some persons with profound multiple disabilities

Ivancic, Martin T.; Bailey, Jon S.

doi:10.1016/0891-4222(95)00038-0

Cited by 66 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…They have an IQ of 20 or below, a low sense of cause-effect relationships, and a limited awareness of the impact their own actions can have on the environment (Ross & Bachner, 1998). Thus, they may be extremely difficult to assess, keep alert, and engage in any purposeful activity (Ivancic & Bailey, 1996;Nakken & Vlaskamp, 2007). The search for appropriate activities or methods to enhance their abilities to react, act, and interact is a challenge for all professionals working with this population (Ivancic & Bailey, 1996;Nakken & Vlaskamp, 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving to Learn in a Powered Wheelchair: The Process of Learning Joystick Use in People With Profound Cognitive Disabilities

Nilsson

Eklund

Nyberg

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Driving to Learn project explored ways to help people with profound cognitive disabilities practice operating a joystick-operated powered wheelchair. The project used a grounded theory approach with constant comparative analysis and was carried out over 12 yr. The participants were 45 children and adults with profound cognitive disabilities. Reference groups included 17 typically developing infants and 64 participants with lesser degrees of cognitive disability. The data sources included video recordings, field notes, open interviews, and a rich mixture of literature. The findings that emerged yielded strategies for facilitating achievements, an 8-phase learning process, an assessment tool, and a grounded theory of deplateauing explaining the properties necessary for participants to exceed expected limitations and plateaus. Eight participants with profound cognitive disabilities reached goal-directed driving or higher. Participants were empowered by attaining increased control over tool use, improving their autonomy and quality of life.Nilsson, L., Eklund, M., Nyberg, P., & Thulesius, H. (2011). Driving to learn in a powered wheelchair: The process of learning joystick use in people with profound cognitive disabilities.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Driving to Learn in a Powered Wheelchair: The Process of Learning Joystick Use in People With Profound Cognitive Disabilities

Nilsson

Eklund

Nyberg

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Each child was observed in the classroom for two 3.5-min sessions on different days. Movement was defined as a change in body position of greater than 2 cm, and movements caused by breathing, blinking, coughing or hiccupping, and any involuntary movements triggered by seizures were not recorded (see Ivancic & Bailey, 1996). Observations were conducted only when the participant was awake.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the above studies, the target responses used during reinforcer testing involved smiling or having open eyes , Experiment 2) and switch pressing (Ivancic & Bailey, 1996;, Experiment 1). The preferred items may not have functioned as reinforcers because the responses may have been too effortful, given the physical limitations of the participants (Ivancic, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of passive approach during preference and reinforcer assessments for children with severe and profound intellectual disabilities and minimal movement

Spevack

Lee

et al. 2006

Behav. Intervent.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We evaluated the use of passive approach to assess preferences of two children, with severe and profound intellectual disabilities. Both children had physical challenges and exhibited minimal physical movement. We also compared the relative reinforcing effects of the identified high and low preference stimuli for a switch pressing response, and for a more passive looking response. High and low preference stimuli were identified for both children. Moreover, the high preference stimulus maintained higher rates of responding than the low preference stimulus for both children for the passive looking response, but not for switch pressing. The study extended the use of passive approach to assess preferences and identified the choice of target response as a potential limiting factor during reinforcer tests for these children.

show abstract

“…However, another concern that may arise is that highly preferred stimuli may not be identified through preference assessments for some individuals with profound multiple disabilities. For example, Ivancic and colleagues (Ivancic & Bailey, 1996;Ivancic et al, 1997) have identified individuals with profound multiple disabilities who display very low levels of alertness and minimal body movement. These individuals often do not respond to behavioral interventions that appear to be effective with others who have more body movement and alertness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Box 425, Morganton, North Carolina 28680. dicate that individuals are not experiencing happiness, then support personnel must implement or alter agency practices to bring about increased happiness. Due in large part to problems in measuring happiness, determining means of increasing happiness among people with profound multiple disabilities has been recognized as a major challenge (Felce & Perry, 1995;Ivancic & Bailey, 1996;Sailor, Gee, Goetz, & Graham, 1988).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Indices of Happiness Among People With Profound Multiple Disabilities: A Program Replication and Component Analysis

Green¹,

Gardner²,

Reid³

1997

J of App Behav Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We replicated a program to increase indices of happiness among people with profound multiple disabilities and conducted a component analysis of the program. The program involved presentation and contingent withdrawal of stimuli that had been identified as preferred based on preference assessments and staff opinion. The program was implemented with 3 adult students and was accompanied by increased happiness indices for each student. Subsequent implementation of the two types of stimuli indicated that preferred stimuli based on preference assessments were more consistently accompanied by increased happiness indices than were preferred stimuli based on staff opinion. Social validity measures supported the definition of happiness, in that raters' subjective opinions of the students' happiness coincided with the observed happiness indices. Results are discussed regarding the importance and practical implications of using preference assessments for determining stimuli for increasing happiness indices. Future research areas are suggested, focusing on increasing happiness and other quality-of-life indicators during the daily routines of people with profound disabilities.

show abstract

Current limits to reinforcer identification for some persons with profound multiple disabilities

Cited by 66 publications

References 11 publications

Driving to Learn in a Powered Wheelchair: The Process of Learning Joystick Use in People With Profound Cognitive Disabilities

Driving to Learn in a Powered Wheelchair: The Process of Learning Joystick Use in People With Profound Cognitive Disabilities

Sensitivity of passive approach during preference and reinforcer assessments for children with severe and profound intellectual disabilities and minimal movement

Increasing Indices of Happiness Among People With Profound Multiple Disabilities: A Program Replication and Component Analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About