Current Landscape of Immunotherapy for Advanced Sarcoma

Albarrán, Víctor; Villamayor, María; Pozas, Javier; Chamorro, Jesús; Rosero, Diana; Román-Gil, María San; Guerrero, Patricia; Aguado, Patricia Pérez de; Calvo, Juan; Quevedo, Coral García de; González, Carlos; Vaz, María Ángeles

doi:10.3390/cancers15082287

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…With advances in understanding the intricate factors involved in tumor genesis, growth, and immune evasion, the development of immunotherapies as prospective alternatives to traditional cancer treatments has become feasible [ 53 , 54 , 55 ]. It is no different, therefore, that such knowledge also applies to HPV-related cancer.…”

Section: Cancers Related To Hpv Infection and Classic Treatment Strat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing Immunotherapies for HPV-Related Cancers: Exploring Novel Vaccine Strategies and the Influence of Tumor Microenvironment

et al. 2023

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The understanding of the relationship between immunological responses and cancers, especially those related to HPV, has allowed for the study and development of therapeutic vaccines against these neoplasias. There is a growing number of studies about the composition and influence of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in the progression or establishment of the most varied types of cancer. Hence, it has been possible to structure immunotherapy approaches based on therapeutic vaccines that are even more specific and directed to components of TME and the immune response associated with tumors. Among these components are dendritic cells (DCs), which are the main professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) already studied in therapy strategies for HPV-related cancers. On the other hand, tumor-associated macrophages are also potential targets since the profile present in tumor infiltrates, M1 or M2, influences the prognosis of some types of cancer. These two cell types can be targets for therapy or immunomodulation. In this context, our review aims to provide an overview of immunotherapy strategies for HPV-positive tumors, such as cervical and head and neck cancers, pointing to TME immune cells as promising targets for these approaches. This review also explores the potential of immunotherapy in cancer treatment, including checkpoint inhibitors, cytokine immunotherapies, immunotherapy vaccines, and cell therapies. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of understanding the TME and its effect on the design and achievement of immunotherapeutic methods.

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Section: Cancers Related To Hpv Infection and Classic Treatment Strat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing Immunotherapies for HPV-Related Cancers: Exploring Novel Vaccine Strategies and the Influence of Tumor Microenvironment

et al. 2023

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“…While patients with NTRK gene fusion-positive status can be treated with larotrectinib and entrectinib ( 1 ), these cases constitute <5% of patients with non-gastrointestinal stromal tumor soft-tissue sarcoma ( 3 ). As of now, there are no approved immune therapies for treating most subtypes of sarcoma except for alveolar soft part sarcoma, due to the severe immune suppressive tumor microenvironment ( 4 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oncolytic virotherapy stimulates anti‑tumor immune response and demonstrates activity in advanced sarcoma: Report of two cases

Qiu,

Qin,

Ding

et al. 2024

Oncol Lett

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Sarcoma is derived from mesenchymal neoplasms and has numerous subtypes, accounting for 1% of all adult malignancies and 15% of childhood malignancies. The prognosis of metastatic or recurrent sarcoma remains poor. The current study presents two cases of sarcoma enrolled in a phase I dose escalation trial for solid tumor, who had previously failed all standard therapies. These patients were treated with VG161, an immune-stimulating herpes simplex virus type 1 oncolytic virus with payloads of IL-12, IL-15 and IL-15 receptor α unit, and a programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand 1 blocking peptide. Both cases demonstrated stable disease as the best response, accompanied by a noteworthy prolongation of progression-free survival (11.8 months for chondrosarcoma and 11.9 months for soft tissue sarcoma, respectively) at a dose of 2.5×10 8 PFU/cycle. In addition, the treatment led to the activation of anti-cancer immunity, as evident from cytokine, lymphocyte subset and related pathway analyses of peripheral blood and/or tumor biopsy samples. These promising results suggest that VG161 monotherapy holds promise as an effective treatment for sarcoma and warrants further investigation through clinical trials. The two reported patients were part of a phase I clinical trial conducted and registered on the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry in Australia (registration no. ACTRN12620000244909; registration date, 26 February, 2020).

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