Current Insights into the Management of Late Chemotherapy Toxicities in Pediatric Osteosarcoma Patients

Abstract

With ever increasing long-term, disease free survival rates, long-term toxicities of otherwise successful therapy have gained increasing importance. They can be grouped into potentially life-threatening, especially secondary malignancies and anthracycline cardiomyopathies, potentially disabling, particularly severe hearing loss and renal insufficiency, other, and rare events. Pathophysiology, frequency, and medical treatment approaches are discussed. Finally, fertility issues and quality of life issues are discussed, together with an outlook into the future. The challenge to cure as many patients as possible from osteosarcoma while enabling a life free of late effects will remain.

Outcomes of Window Therapy with Carboplatin and Ifosfamide for Pediatric Osteosarcoma: A Case Series

“…In addition, hearing loss is caused by irreversible damage to the hearing cells due to CDDP or less frequently due to CBDCA (equivalent to one-quarter CDDP) [ 22 ]. Averting high peak CDDP concentration via the arrangement of the schedule is important for reducing the risk of inner ear damage [ 22 ]. This problem might interrupt patients’ understanding due to the deterioration of speaking or listening skills.…”

Construction and validation model of necroptosis-related gene signature associates with immunity for osteosarcoma patients

“…Osteosarcomas occur in children and adolescents, are the most common bone and soft tissue malignancies and are difficult to treat 30 , 31 . Conventional surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy still fail to improve survival 8 , 32 . In recent years, targeted therapies, including targets related to apoptosis, autophagy and ferroptosis, have been gradually recognized, but there are still reports of drug resistance 33 – 38 .…”

Tumor Microenvironment-Adaptive Nanoplatform Synergistically Enhances Cascaded Chemodynamic Therapy

“…Thus, there is an urgent need to develop methods for safe and effective tumor treatment [ 3 ]. At present, chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy are still the main methods for treating tumors, although they have many disadvantages, such as serious side effects and increased risk of metastasis [ 4 , 5 ]. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is the internal environment of tumors and is characterized by low pH, H 2 O 2 accumulation, hypoxia, and inflammation [ 6 , 7 ].…”