Current Indications and Outcome of Pulmonary Resections for Tuberculosis Complications in Ibadan, Nigeria

Salami, M A; Sanusi, Arinola; Adegboye, V O

doi:10.1159/000485382

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Complications of TB: TB can lead to complications such as bronchopleural fistula, empyema, and lung abscess, which may require surgical intervention. [5] 3. Diagnostic uncertainty: In some cases, it may be difficult to establish a diagnosis of TB and a surgical biopsy may be required for confirmation 4.…”

Section: Indications For Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2023

AJP

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The main organs affected by the chronic infectious disease tuberculosis (TB) are the lungs. Although the main form of therapy for TB is medicinal, surgical intervention may be necessary if the disease is localized to a particular area of the lung and cannot be effectively treated with medicines alone. Segmentectomy, pneumonectomy, and lobectomy are the three primary surgical procedures used to treat TB, and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, a minimally invasive technique, enables the removal of the diseased tissue. The surgical removal of one of the five lung lobes is known as a lobectomy. When TB is limited to one lobe of the lung and cannot be adequately treated with medication alone, surgery is often undertaken. Candidates for lobectomy include patients with cavitary lesions larger than 4 cm, a persistent cough, fever, hemoptysis, bronchopleural fistula, or localized abscess formation. The risk of problems can be reduced with appropriate pre-operative assessment, surgical technique, and post-operative care. The surgical removal of the complete lung is known as a pneumonectomy. It is normally saved for TB cases where medicine is ineffective and the disease has spread to affect a significant area of the lung. Pneumonectomy may be an option for patients who have severe cavitary lesions, extensive lung damage, considerable main bronchus involvement, or consequences including bronchopleural fistula, severe hemoptysis, or localized abscess formation. Similar to lobectomy, the risk of problems can be reduced with good pre-operative assessment, surgical technique, and post-operative care. A segment of a lung lobe is surgically removed, a procedure known as a segmentectomy or partial lobectomy. When TB is confined to a particular area of the lung and cannot be properly treated with drugs alone, surgery may be an option. Segmentectomy may be beneficial for patients with a tiny cavitary lesion, localized fibrosis, or a cavitary lesion that cannot be removed in the upper lobe of the lung or who are unable to have more comprehensive surgery. Once more, minimizing the risk of problems can be achieved through good pre-operative assessment, surgical technique, and post-operative care.

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Section: Indications For Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2023

AJP

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“…(Table 1). Seventeen (41.5%) studies were retrospective chart reviews [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28], 12 (29.3%) were case reports [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40], 5 case series (12.2%) [8,[41][42][43][44], 5 prospective cohorts [45][46][47][48][49], and 2 cross-sectional studies [50,51]. The majority of the studies were from East (n = 11) and West (n = 10) Africa.…”

Section: Summary Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping of Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Africa

Olum

Osaigbovo

Baluku

et al. 2021

JoF

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Africa has a high burden of tuberculosis, which is the most important risk factor for chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA). Our goal was to systematically evaluate the burden of CPA in Africa and map it by country. We conducted an extensive literature search for publications on CPA in Africa using the online databases. We reviewed a total of 41 studies published between 1976 and 2021, including a total of 1247 CPA cases from 14 African countries. Most of the cases came from Morocco (n = 764, 62.3%), followed by South Africa (n = 122, 9.9%) and Senegal (n = 99, 8.1%). Seventeen (41.5%) studies were retrospective, 12 (29.3%) were case reports, 5 case series (12.2%), 5 prospective cohorts, and 2 cross-sectional studies. The majority of the cases (67.1%, n = 645) were diagnosed in men, with a median age of 41 years (interquartile range: 36–45). Active/previously treated pulmonary tuberculosis (n = 764, 61.3%), human immunodeficiency virus infection (n = 29, 2.3%), diabetes mellitus (n = 19, 1.5%), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n = 10, 0.8%) were the common co-morbidities. Haemoptysis was the most frequent presenting symptom, reported in up to 717 (57%) cases. Smoking (n = 69, 5.5%), recurrent lung infections (n = 41, 3%) and bronchorrhea (n = 33, 3%) were noted. This study confirms that CPA is common in Africa, with pulmonary tuberculosis being the most important risk factor.

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“…For example, among 1,276 patients admitted to hospital for pulmonary tuberculosis in Taipei, Taiwan, only 5.1% had tuberculosis of the lower lobe (Chang et al, 1967); other studies have produced similar results (Berger & Granada, 1974;Kourbatova et al, 2006). Additionally, involvement of the left side of the rib cage appears to be more frequent in instances of lung destruction caused by tuberculosis, possibly owing to the altered anatomy of the left bronchus in relation to the heart, leading to a greater likelihood of obstruction and impaired lymph drainage (Ashour, 1995;Porres et al, 2017;Salami et al, 2018). However, other studies have produced P R E P R I N T conflicting results (Boloursaz et al, 2010;Moreira et al, 2011), and greater clinical and bioarchaeological data is required before rib IPR distribution can be used to identify specific diseases (Davies-Barrett et al, 2019).…”

Section: P R E P R I N Tmentioning

confidence: 99%