Current evidence on the relationship between HRAS1 polymorphism and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis

Abstract

Rare alleles at the HRAS1 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs) locus have been implicated in breast cancer risk. Although many studies have showed that rare HRAS1 alleles may be associated with breast cancer risk, this relationship remains controversial. A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the potential association between rare HRAS1 alleles and breast cancer risk. A database search found a total of 13 studies involving 1926 breast cancer cases and 2800 controls. Crude odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to test the strength of association. When all the studies were combined into the meta-analysis, we found that breast cancer cases had a significantly higher frequency of rare alleles (OR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.34, 3.10). In the subgroup analysis by race, we found that breast cancer cases had a significantly higher frequency of rare alleles (OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.37, 3.36) among Caucasians. In the subgroup analysis by study design, we found that breast cancer cases had a significantly higher frequency of rare alleles (OR = 2.47, 95% CI = 1.62, 3.79) among groups with hospital-based controls. In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggested that rare alleles at the HRAS1 VNTRs may contribute to breast cancer susceptibility. More population-based case-control studies were needed especially in Asians in the future.

Two nonsynonymous polymorphisms (F31I and V57I) of theSTK15gene and breast cancer risk: A meta-analysis based on 5966 cases and 7609 controls

“…22 Rare alleles at the v-Ha-ras Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue–variable number tandem repeats locus were identified as possibly contributing to breast cancer susceptibility in a meta-analysis of 13 studies (1926 cases and 2800 controls). 23 A meta-analysis of seven studies (3177 cases and 4038 controls) suggested that the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen quinone oxidoreductase 1 proline187serine polymorphism may contribute to breast cancer development in Caucasians. 24 A thymidylate synthase ( TYMS ) gene enhancer region polymorphism may increase susceptibility to breast cancer in the Caucasian population, and a TYMS gene 3′-untranslated region polymorphism may be a genetic determinant for developing breast cancer in the Asian population, as demonstrated by a meta-analysis of 10 eligible studies.…”

Global Signaling Profiling in a Human Model of Tumorigenic Progression Indicates a Role for Alternative RNA Splicing in Cellular Reprogramming

“…HRAS encodes a protein involved in transducing growth and differentiation signals from the plasma membrane to intracellular signal cascades such as the MAPK and AKT pathways [ 41 ]. AT cells were transfected with a constitutively active HRAS gene, but these types of mutations are rare in human breast cancer, where specific genetic polymorphisms [ 42 , 43 ] and higher expression levels [ 44 , 45 ] are more prevalent. For the 10A lineage, in addition to an activating mutation, HRAS gene expression levels were found to continuously rise with tumorigenic progression which underscores the importance of this signaling protein in the context of this model.…”

The Association of IL-1 and HRAS Gene Polymorphisms with Breast Cancer Susceptibility in a Jordanian Population of Arab Descent: A Genotype–Phenotype Study

“…Breast cancer (BC) is an accumulation of different malignancies that present in the mammary glands. BC has the highest incidence of all cancers in women worldwide [1]. Among the Jordanian population, BC was ranked number one of the three most common cancers among Jordanian females, as reported by the Jordan Cancer Registry [2].…”

“…Several genetic polymorphisms, such as rs16944 (C/T) and rs1143627 (T/C), within the IL-1 gene have been reported to play a major role in the genetic susceptibility of deferent cancers [23]. Moreover, the HRAS gene is located on chromosome 11 (p15.5) and is considered to be a small monomeric protein with GTPase activity [1,24]. The HRAS gene has been the subject of conflicting reports with regard to its role in BC development and progression.…”