Current efficiencies and regeneration of poisoned raney nickel in the electrohydrogenation of glucose to sorbitol

Park, K.; Pintauro, Peter N.; Baizer, Manuel M.; Nobe, Ken

doi:10.1007/bf01006542

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Previous experimental studies have shown that low hydrogen overpotential electrocatalysts, such as Raney nickel and platinum or rhodium black, can effectively hydrogenate a variety of organic compounds, for example phenol to cyclohexanol [1], glucose to sorbitol [2,3], dinitriles to diamines and/or aminonitriles [4,5], and ketones and aldehydes to alcohols [6]. Similarly, flat sheet cathodes coated with Devarda copper or Raney nickel have been employed to hydrogenate nitroaromatics under potentiostatic conditions with high current efficiencies and near quantitative product yields [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of supporting electrolyte during the electrocatalytic hydrogenation of aromatic compounds

Pintauro

Bontha

1991

J Appl Electrochem

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The electrocatalytic hydrogenation of benzene, aniline, and nitrobenzene was investigated at a Raney nickel powder cathode. The single phase electrolyte consisted of t-butanol, water, and a hydrotropic salt, either sodium or tetraethylammonium p-toluenesulphonate (TEATS). The hydrogenation of benzene was achieved only in the latter case; the only product detected was cyclohexane. The highest current efficiency (73%) was obtained at 50 ~ C, 1.0 M benzene, 2.5 M TEATS, and at an apparent current density of 4.0 mAcm -2. Aniline was electrocatalytically hydrogenated to cyclohexylamine only in the presence of a quaternary ammonium ion supporting electrolyte (containing either Br-or p-toluenesulphonate anions), with product current efficiencies of ~ 40%. When nitrobenzene was hydrogenated with a sodium p-toluenesulphonate supporting electrolyte, only nitro group reduction was observed. When the supporting electrolyte was TEATS, both nitro group reduction and aromatic ring hydrogenation occurred.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of supporting electrolyte during the electrocatalytic hydrogenation of aromatic compounds

Pintauro

Bontha

1991

J Appl Electrochem

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“…A rapid loss of activity was reported for the latter type of Raney Ni electrodes and it was attributed to the agglomeration of the finely divided (dark) powder into larger size particles (lighter in colour) (58). In catalytic hydrogenation, agglomeration of powdered metal catalysts is a well known deactivation process (59).…”

Section: Ech Of Phenanthrenementioning

confidence: 99%

The electrocatalytic hydrogenation of fused poly cyclic aromatic compounds at Raney nickel electrodes: the influence of catalyst activation and electrolysis conditions

Robin¹,

Comtois²,

Martel³

et al. 1990

Can. J. Chem.

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. The electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) of phenanthrene, anthracene, and naphthalene has been investigated under constant current at Raney nickel electrodes in a mixed aqueous organic medium. The influence of various parameters on the efficiency of the process determined by the current efficiency (a measure of the competition between hydrogenation and hydrogen evolution, the only two electrochemical processes occumng), the extent of hydrogenation (yield of octahydro-derivatives), and the conversion rate was studied with phenanthrene. The best conditions were ethylene glycol or propylene glycol as cosolvent containing between 1.5 to 5% of water, a neutral or slightly acidic medium containing boric acid (0.1 M) as buffer (initial pH of 2.6, final pH of 6.0-6.2), sodium chloride or tetrabutylamonium chloride as supporting electrolyte, a temperature of 80°C, and a current density of 42 to 84 m~/ c r n~. The most active electrodes (consisting of Raney Ni particles dispersed in a nickel matrix and surrounded by a layer of porous nickel) were obtained by leaching the dispersed alloy particles at 75°C for 7 h in 30% aqueous sodium hydroxide. The electrohydrogenation stopped at derivatives with a single aromatic ring, namely the octahydrophenanthrenes, octahydroanthracenes, and tetralin. In a non-buffered medium, tetrahydrophenanthrene could be obtained with selectivities of 80% or better.

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“…This method has always been important in commercial electrosynthesis processes. There are some examples of paired electrosynthesis such as the synthesis of ethylene and oxalic acid from acetylene [1] or transformation of glucose to gluconic acid and sorbitol [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One step paired electrochemical synthesis of iron and iron oxide nanoparticles

Ordoukhanian

Karami

Nezhadali

2016

Materials Science-Poland

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In this study, a new one step paired electrochemical method is developed for simultaneous synthesis of iron and iron oxide nanoparticles. Iron and iron oxide are prepared as cathodic and anodic products from iron (II) sulfate aqueous solution in a membrane divided electrolytic cell by the pulsed current electrosynthesis. Because of organic solvent-free and electrochemical nature of the synthesis, the process could be considered as green and environmentally friendly. The reduction of energy consumption and low cost are the other significant advantages of this new method that would have a great application potential in the chemical industry. The nanostructure of prepared samples was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The magnetic properties were studied by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).

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Current efficiencies and regeneration of poisoned raney nickel in the electrohydrogenation of glucose to sorbitol

Cited by 27 publications

References 2 publications

The role of supporting electrolyte during the electrocatalytic hydrogenation of aromatic compounds

The role of supporting electrolyte during the electrocatalytic hydrogenation of aromatic compounds

The electrocatalytic hydrogenation of fused poly cyclic aromatic compounds at Raney nickel electrodes: the influence of catalyst activation and electrolysis conditions

One step paired electrochemical synthesis of iron and iron oxide nanoparticles

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