Current drivers and future directions of global livestock disease dynamics

Perry, Brian D.; Grace, Delia; Sones, Keith R.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1012953108

Cited by 168 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Therefore, there is a strong evidence that the actual context of global warming and livestock production intensification in hot climate areas will lead to increased exposure of animals to sanitary challenges (Thornton et al, 2009;Perry et al, 2013;Skuce et al, 2013).…”

Section: Impact On Animal Exposure To Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological responses of growing pigs to high ambient temperature and/or inflammatory challenges

et al. 2017

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-Global warming is one of the major environmental threats facing the world in the 21st century. This fact will have a significant impact on pig production due to its direct effects on welfare, health, and performance of pigs. Besides, the effects of high temperatures will presumably become more important over the next decades due to the development of pig production in developing countries mainly located in tropical and subtropical areas, where animals are often exposed to ambient temperatures above their thermal comfort zone. Furthermore, pigs reared in tropical areas are often confronted to sanitary challenges including poor hygiene conditions, lack of respect for sanitary rules, and pathogens. This results in the stimulation of the immune system and, as a consequence, in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and neuroendocrine adjustments that, in turn, usually have a negative impact on growth and feed efficiency. Although the effects of high ambient temperature and disease on pig physiology and performance have been well documented in literature, little is known about the associated effects of both factors. This understanding may contribute to a better quantification and comprehension of the physiological and metabolic disturbances occurring in practical conditions of pig production in tropical areas and, more generally, in many other geographic areas that will be influenced by the perspective of global warming. Therefore, the objective of this work is to provide an overview of recent research advances on the physiological responses of growing pigs during acclimation to high ambient temperature and on the potential effects of high ambient temperature on the ability of growing pigs to resist, cope with, or recover from an inflammatory challenge.

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Section: Impact On Animal Exposure To Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological responses of growing pigs to high ambient temperature and/or inflammatory challenges

et al. 2017

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“…Lack of sufficient resources in the veterinary service system in many of the affected countries is most likely also contributing to the current failure to manage PPR (Perry et al, 2013;Perry and Grace, 2009;Forman et al, 2012;de Balogh et al, 2013).…”

Section: Current Global Status Of Pprmentioning

confidence: 99%

Where is the Participation in Participatory Epidemiology? How Engagement with Social Science could lead to Improved Understanding and Control of Peste des Petits Ruminants

Fischer¹,

Chenais²,

Torsson³

et al. 2016

BJV

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| Peste des Petits ruminants (PPR) is a potentially lethal, highly contagious viral disease of sheep and goats. Domestic sheep and goats are important species for the livelihoods of poor people in many developing countries. Within societies where PPR is now spreading, poverty is widespread and the disease is expected to have significant negative impacts on livelihoods. In resource-constrained marginalised societies, it is often difficult to collect disease data in conventional ways. Participatory epidemiology (PE) has been suggested as a particularly suitable research method to study epidemiology and social impacts of diseases in these contexts. However, for PE to achieve its full potential, stronger efforts to achieve true participation and to incorporate lessons about participation and power from the social sciences may be required. This review shows that social science engagement in PE to date is virtually non-existent, but that increased efforts to draw lessons from the social sciences and to increase the degree of participation in PE could increase its potential as an important tool in disease impact assessment and control. Particular attention is paid here to the potential role of PE in future research on the epidemiology and control of PPR. P este des Petits ruminants (PPR) is an economically important and highly contagious viral disease of sheep and goats. It is the fourth most important disease of small ruminants world-wide, based on losses of livestock units (World Bank, 2011). Domestic sheep and goats are important species for poor people in many developing countries, where farming and animal husbandry make a critical contribution to the livelihoods of a significant share of households. In particular, the poorest groups in such smallholder farming societies, who have limited possibilities to invest in larger and higher value animals, depend on sheep and goat rearing (Perry et al., 2002). Thus the spread of PPR could have a particularly negative impact on the poorest and, consequently, controlling PPR can be expected to bring increased livelihood security to many of the rural poor.In the kinds of societies where PPR is now spreading, it is often difficult both to collect data and to implement disease control strategies in conventional ways, due to lack of infrastructure and lack of established systems for, and local experience of, collecting reliable quantitative data. Participatory epidemiology (PE) has been suggested as a particularly suitable methodology for both implementing disease control practices

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“…Herd density of industrial husbandry leads to disease spread and massively increases the use of antibiotics to maintain production, which results in drug resistance. Urbanization is mainly related to emergence of new diseases as the demand for more meat in cities means the increase of livestock as well as humans in cities (Perry et al 2011 ); it is particularly concerning because growth in meat production in cities is mostly taking place where the capacity to invest in proper facilities is lower.…”

Section: Regulating Services Related To Feeding Citiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding Cities: Food Security and Ecosystem Support in an Urbanizing World

Deutsch

Dyball

Steffen

2013

Urbanization, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: Challenges and Opportunities

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In this chapter we take a complex systems approach to exploring the linkages among the phenomenon of urbanization, the changing value systems and world perspectives of urban dwellers, the sometimes distant connections to the food production systems that support cities, and the often invisible ecosystem services that support food production and in turn are affected by food production.After we explore the relationship between a range of ecosystem services and their relationship to food production, we present three cases of economically developed cities that secure their food from global sources. The wealthy urban populations in all our three case cities adhere to the highly commoditized systems of industrial production based on energy-and material-intensive external inputs for the bulk of their food provision. Fully integrated into the global market, trade enables these cities to both consume and produce what their consumers desire without regard to the local capacity of ecosystems in the regions around the cities. Although

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Current drivers and future directions of global livestock disease dynamics

Cited by 168 publications

References 39 publications

Physiological responses of growing pigs to high ambient temperature and/or inflammatory challenges

Physiological responses of growing pigs to high ambient temperature and/or inflammatory challenges

Where is the Participation in Participatory Epidemiology? How Engagement with Social Science could lead to Improved Understanding and Control of Peste des Petits Ruminants

Feeding Cities: Food Security and Ecosystem Support in an Urbanizing World

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