Current Distribution on a Disk Electrode for Redox Reactions

Pierini, Peter; Appel, Peter W.; Newman, John

doi:10.1149/1.2132826

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The reaction used was the reduction of ferricyanide in excess supporting electrolyte. Their results are in surprisingly good agreement with the theoretical results of Levart and Schuhmann in view of our finding that both the oscillating current distribution (9) and the time-average current distri-bution for this reaction (10) below the limiting current are nonuniform on the surface of the disk. Also, the concentration fluctuations of the product (ferrocyanide) influence the concentration overpotential to the same extent as the reactant [see Newman (11) Chapter 20].…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

Radially Dependent Corrective Warburg Problem for a Rotating Disk

Appel

Newman

1977

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The oscillating concentration distribution of a reacting species in excess supporting electrolyte is calculated for a rotating disk system where a step change in the amplitude of the concentration fluctuation at the surface of the disk occurs at an arbitrary distance from the center of the disk. The response of a product species and of the supporting electrolyte to this step change is presented also.

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supporting

confidence: 91%

Radially Dependent Corrective Warburg Problem for a Rotating Disk

Appel

Newman

1977

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Most battery models do not describe the distribution of current and potential. Instead, they provide only the total cell voltage, which can be simply calculated as the difference of the open circuit potential and the sum of all overvoltages [4][5][6][7][8]. We are here especially interested in the ohmic overpotential.…”

Section: Battery Voltage Overpotentials and Polarization Curvementioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling discontinuous potential distributions using the finite volume method, and application to liquid metal batteries

Weber

Landgraf

Mushtaq

et al. 2019

Electrochimica Acta

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The electrical potential in a battery jumps at each electrode-electrolyte interface. We present a model for computing three-dimensional current and potential distributions, which accounts for such internal voltage jumps. Within the framework of the finite volume method we discretize the Laplace and gradient operators such that they account for internal jump boundary conditions. After implementing a simple battery model in OpenFOAM we validate it using an analytical test case, and show its capabilities by simulating the current distribution and discharge curve of a Li||Bi liquid metal battery.

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“…A set of equations is now established which can be solved numerically by the same techniques given in previous work (6,(8)(9)(10) propriate average current density being substituted in Eq. [15].…”

Section: Numerical Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…need be solved for only the value of cl,0. All other surface concentrations needed in the expression of the electrode kinetics may be computed by Eq [10]. as long as the only reaction occurring is Eq [1]…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Distribution on a Rotating Ring‐Disk Electrode below the Limiting Current

Pierini¹,

Newman²

1977

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Ring-disk electrodes have been used in the literature to simulate experimentally the nonuniform current distribution across a rotating disk electrode operated at a fraction of the limiting current. The analogy of a sectioned disk to a ring-disk electrode is difficult to substantiate since both the limiting current and primary current distributions are radically different. Thus a detailed knowledge of the distribution of current and concentrations is developed to compare rationally the differences in nonuniformity for the ring-disk and disk electrodes. Integral measures of the degree of departure from the limiting current and primary current distributions are developed and related to the measurement of throwing power.The ring-disk electrode system is one of the most convenient arrangements of two working electrodes in a common cell. The concentric, rotating electrode structure is relatively easy to fabricate and is available commercially. The device has drawn attention recently, as both the object of theoretical analysis and experimental applications. Bruckenstein and Miller (1) and Smyrl and Newman (4) have performed experiments with ring disks to assess the nonuniform current distribution on a disk electrode utilizing the sectionedelectrode approach. Miller and Bellavance (2) have reported a number of experiments with the system, including measurement of interrupter and steady-state resistances and interactive resistances between the ring and the disk. Smyrl and Newman (3, 4) have presented data for ring-disk electrodes operated at and below the limiting current, along with a detailed analysis demonstrating the limiting current calculations. The primary current distribution was recently computed by Miksis and Newman (5). The limiting current (4, 11) and the primary current (5) densities of a ring electrode are not uniform, so the current density on a ring operated at some fraction of the limiting current, where kinetics also must be taken into account, does not approach the uniform distribution (12) that prevails near the edge of a disk electrode as the fraction of the limiting current approaches unity. The current distribution across a ring-disk electrode tends to be more nonuniform than for an equivalent disk.Newman's (6) approach to the computation of the concentration and current density distributions across a rotating disk electrode has been applied successfully to a number of other electrode geometries (7-9, 24-26). Parrish and Newman (8) investigated the current distributions on two plane parallel electrodes in channel flow, the only application to two interactive working electrodes. The ring-disk geometry contains two working electrodes and can utilize a counierelectrode, which would be considered infinitely far from the working electrodes. The working electrodes interact through the potential distribution, which is described by an elliptic Laplacian equation giving global effects, and through the parabolic concentration boundarylayer equations which allow a downstream influence on the ring electrode by ...

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Current Distribution on a Disk Electrode for Redox Reactions

Abstract: Current and concentration distributions on a rotating disk electrode are computed for general electrode reactions where the product concentrations must be included. The effect of migration on the surface concentration of the supporting electrolyte is also demonstrated.

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Radially Dependent Corrective Warburg Problem for a Rotating Disk

Radially Dependent Corrective Warburg Problem for a Rotating Disk

Modeling discontinuous potential distributions using the finite volume method, and application to liquid metal batteries

Current Distribution on a Rotating Ring‐Disk Electrode below the Limiting Current

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