Current Density of the Arc Cathode Spot

Cobine, J. D.; Gallagher, Charles J.

doi:10.1103/physrev.74.1524

Cited by 86 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…On the other hand, as the tube diameter decreases from 100 to 9 µm, the electron density increases from 2 × 10 16 to 11 × 10 16 cm −3 . The current density and the electron density of the microplasma plume are comparable to those in spark discharge . In other words, the microplasma plume confined inside the capillary is highly ionized.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…In addition, it is worth noting that the tube diameter is as small as several micrometers, which is much smaller than the typical diameter (30–100 µm) of an Ar streamer at atmospheric pressure . Plus, the electron density of the microplasma inside small capillary is really high, which is close to that in transient spark . The Equations and (6) based on the streamer mechanism may be not applicable for the cases of the tube diameter less than 30 µm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The current density and the electron density of the microplasma plume are comparable to those in spark discharge. [33] In other words, the microplasma plume confined inside the capillary is highly ionized. However, the gas temperature of the microplasma plume is much lower than that of spark discharge.…”

Section: Electron Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of the tube diameter on the discharge ignition and the plasma properties of atmospheric‐pressure microplasma confined inside capillary

Liu

et al. 2019

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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With plasma penetration into a capillary and the assistant of an air DBD, an ac‐driven Ar microplasma plume having a length of several cm is generated inside the capillary. The inner diameter of the capillary ranges from 4 to 100 µm. When the tube diameter decreases, the length of the microplasma plume decreases, and while the ignition voltage, the current density, and the electron density increase significantly. For the tube diameter of 9 µm, the current density and the electron density measured from the Stark broadening of Hα line reach as high as 109 A m−2 and 11 × 1016 cm−3, respectively. The microplasma plume is of high degree of ionization and remains non‐thermal. Rather than monotonically increasing, the propagation velocity of the microplasma plume decreases and then keeps almost unchanged after the tube diameter reaches 20 µm.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The effects of the tube diameter on the discharge ignition and the plasma properties of atmospheric‐pressure microplasma confined inside capillary

Liu

et al. 2019

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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“…Another example is the search for the "true" power density which is generally a search to determine the "true" area of the emitting site since current and voltages are relatively easily measured [34,35]. Since the area changes as the spot evolves, this search was characterized by increasingly sophisticated diagnostic techniques with ever higher spatial and temporal resolution [23,33,[36][37][38]. The power density is of great interest since any modeling of the spot phenomena needs to deal with the energetics of the processes, and theoreticians are looking to experimentalists for guidance what the "true" values are so theories could be tested on them [39].…”

Section: Fractal Cathode Spotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of ion charge states in cathodic vacuum arc plasmas: a review

Anders¹

2012

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTMany of the here-collected results are based on ideas and contributions by close friends and colleagues. Running the risk of offending those not mentioned, I gratefully acknowledge the input over the years from just a few: B. Jüttner, E. Hantzsche, P. Siemroth, T. Schülke, I. Brown, E. Oks and G. Yushkov. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. DISCLAIMERThis document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor The Regents of the University of California, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by its trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof or The Regents of the University of California. 2The evolution of ion charge states in cathodic vacuum arc plasmas: a review André AndersLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 53, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Email: aanders@lbl.gov AbstractCathodic vacuum arc plasmas are known to contain multiply charged ions. 20 years after "Pressure Ionization: its role in metal vapour vacuum arc plasmas and ion sources" appeared in vol. 1 of Plasma Sources Science and Technology, it is a great opportunity to re-visit the issue of pressure ionization, a non-ideal plasma effect, and put it in perspective to the many other factors that influence observable charge state distributions, such as the role of the cathode material, the path in the density-temperature phase diagram, the "noise" in vacuum arc plasma as described by a fractal model approach, the effects of external magnetic fields and charge exchange collisions with neutrals. A much more complex image of the vacuum arc plasma emerges putting decades of experimentation and modeling in perspective.

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“…It has been known for some time that the arc discharge column contracts radially near the cathode to give rise to very high current densities at that electrode (Cobine and Gallagher 1948;Froome 1948Froome , 1949Froome , 1950Somerville and Blevin 1949). The phenomenon has usually been studied by photographing the luminous discharge and by examination of signs of melting and tarnishing left on the electrode by the discharge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%