Current course of measles in adults (a literature review)

Riabokon, Yu. Yu.; Bilokobyla, S. O.; Riabokon, O. V.

doi:10.14739/2310-1210.2019.5.179480

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…Modern literature data [4][5][6][7] show that during the epidemic rise in the measles incidence in 2017-2019, there was a clear predominance of adults among sick individuals. It has been believed that measles in adults is accompanied by a severe course and the development of complications more often than in children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cyclical epidemics and emergence of local measles outbreaks are associated with an increase in the number of susceptible populations due to low immunization rates in previous years resulting in decreased post-vaccination immunity [3]. In 2017-2018, in European countries, including Ukraine, there was a significant increase in the incidence of measles [4]. A feature of measles in recent years is the predominance of adults among sick individuals, in particular, Germany reported 52 % [5], Italy -73 % [6] and Belgium -50 % of measles patients [7] over 15 years old.…”

Section: ключові словаmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of TNF-α and IFN-γ in adult patients with measles depending on the development of complications

Белокобыла

Рябоконь

et al. 2021

ZMJ

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The aim is to define the dynamics of TNF-α and IFN-γ serum levels in adult patients with measles depending on the development of complications. Materials and methods. An examination of 175 adult patients with measles revealed a range of complications and dynamics of serum TNF-α and IFN-γ depending on the development of complications. The serum contents of TNF-α (Invitrogen, Austria) and IFN-γ (Invitrogen, Austria) in patients and 30 healthy individuals were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on the basis of the Training Medical Laboratory Center of Zaporizhzhia State MedicalUniversity. Results. It was shown that the vast majority of hospitalized adult patients with measles developed complications (70.6 %) and these latter were predominantly respiratory (61.7 %) and gastrointestinal (44.0 %). In the period of measles rash, on day 4.8 ± 0.2 in the presence of complications, the serum TNF-α content was 11 times higher than that in healthy individuals (P < 0.05) and in patients with uncomplicated measles (P < 0.05), and did not differ from healthy individuals (P > 0.05) in the absence of complications. The development of measles complications in adult patients was associated with higher serum levels of TNF-α both at hospitalization (P = 0.003) and after 10 days of the disease (P = 0.005). The serum content of IFN-γ in adult measles patients with rash at hospitalization on day 4.8 ± 0.2 exceeded that in healthy individuals both in the presence of complications (P < 0.05) and in uncomplicated measles (P < 0.05). The serum content of IFN-γ was 19.3 times (P < 0.05) higher in patients with complicated measles than that in patients without complications. High serum levels of IFN-γ were associated with the development of complications during acute period of measles (P = 0.0001). Conclusions. Complications occurred in most hospitalized adult patients with measles (70.6 %), that was accompanied by more pronounced immunological changes. The development of measles complications in adult patients was associated with higher serum levels of TNF-α both at hospital admission on day 4.8 ± 0.2 (gamma 0.77; P = 0.003) and in the dynamics after 10 days of the disease (gamma 0.56; P = 0.005). Elevated serum levels of IFN-γ were associated with the development of complications during the acute period of measles (gamma ratio 0.46; P = 0.0001).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ключові словаmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of TNF-α and IFN-γ in adult patients with measles depending on the development of complications

Белокобыла

Рябоконь

et al. 2021

ZMJ

Self Cite

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Measles in Zaporizhzhia: in the footsteps of the last epidemic

Поліщук¹,

Kolycheva²,

Krupiei³

et al. 2021

АПФМНП

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In 2017–2019 in Ukraine, including the Zaporizhzhia region, a strong rise in the incidence of measles was recorded. A retrospective analysis of the incidence in the Zaporizhzhia region during this outbreak allows us to identify the main problems in the system of epidemiological surveillance to predict future possible consequences. The aim of the work is to perform a comparative analysis of measles incidence in the Zaporizhzhia region with the data obtained in the period from 2015 to 2020 according to the epidemiological criteria. Materials and methods. The annual reports of 2015–2020 provided by the Department of Epidemiological Research of the Zaporizhzhia Regional Laboratory Center of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine were used as materials for the retrospective epidemiological analysis of measles incidence in Zaporizhzhia region. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out according to epidemiological characteristics: age distribution, the residence of patients in urban or rural areas. Commonly used statistical methods used in medicine were used to evaluate the obtained results. Results. It is concluded that in the Zaporizhzhia region during 2015 only 2 cases of measles were detected for children, and in 2016 no measles were registered in the region at all. In 2017–2019 1.433 measles patients were identified in the Zaporizhzhia region, of which 68 % were adults and 32 % were children. The lowest detection rate of measles was registered among rural residents. Insufficient vaccination coverage of the population has become a significant reason for the spread of measles among residents of the Zaporizhzhia region. In 2020 no cases of measles have been registered in the Zaporizhzhia region. Conclusions. The prevalence of incidence rate among adults attests to the fact that today measles can not be considered only a childhood disease. The deficiency of an immune layer, both among adults and children, contributed to the rapid spread of the disease. Mandatory vaccination of children and the introduction of additional vaccination of adults, optimizing the system of epidemiological surveillance for measles, including continuous monitoring of vaccination, is the main mechanism for combating this disease.

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Features of the clinical course of measles infection during the measles outbreak in 2018-2019 in Ukraine

2021

Actual Problems of Modern Medicine

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Measles is an infectious disease characterized by an acute onset, a short prodromal period, presence of febrile, catarrhal and intoxication syndromes, as well as the development of typical enanthema and exanthema. Despite the active work of WHO to eliminate measles and the introduction of a vaccination program in developing countries, measles remains an urgent problem and the cause of high mortality rates among both children and adults. One of the dangerous complications of measles infection is the respiratory tract involvement in yhe form of out-of-hospital pneumonia, which occurs in 10-34% of patients. The out-of-hospital pneumonia was one of the main complications among the patients with measles who were treated in the Kharkiv regional clinical hospital and was registered both in patients with severe and moderate disease. That is why it was interesting to study the clinical and laboratory features of the course of measles infection in the adult population at the present stage. Objective: to determine features of the clinical course of measles infection and the factors that are prerequisites for the development of complications. Materials and methods. The study included 65 patients who were treated in the Kharkiv regional clinical infectious hospital in 2018-2019. Based on the clinical course of the disease, the severity and the presence of complications, the patients included in the study were divided into 4 groups. The control group consisted of 20 healthy voluntary donors who did not have exclusion criteria. On the day of admission to the hospital and on the 10th day of stay in the hospital, based on the data of a clinical blood test, we calculated the cellular reactivity leukocyte indices (CRLI) – the white blood cell shift index (WBCSI), the white blood cell index (WBCI) and the D. A. Ivanov immunoreactivity index (IRI). Results and discussion. The study shows that the patients from groups 1 and 2 on the 10th day of hospitalization showed a complete clinical recovery and was discharged from the hospital, whereas patients from groups 3 and 4 on the 10th day showed a clinical improvement and were transferred for further treatment to the general department. When assessing the CRLI on the day of admission to the hospital, an increase in the WBCSI in patients from groups 2, 3 and 4 was found, with the greatest increase observed in patients from group 4. In patients from group 1, on the contrary, a decrease in the WBCSI and and an increase in WBCI were determined, which indicates the activation of the lymphocytic link of the immune response. Conclusions. The development of measles infection in the adult population is characterized by changes in the leukocyte indices of cellular reactivity, which are markers of the functional activity of the immune system. The moderate course of the disease is accompanied by a tendency to normalization of the indices that characterize the activity of the inflammatory process, while its severe course is characterized by an increase in the values of these indices and a decrease in the activity of the lymphocytic link of the immune response. Assessment of changes in the parameters of leukocyte indices in dynamics makes it possible to predict the clinical course of the disease and the risk of complications, to assess the adequacy of the therapy, as well as to identify the need for immune correction therapy.

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Current course of measles in adults (a literature review)

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Dynamics of TNF-α and IFN-γ in adult patients with measles depending on the development of complications

Dynamics of TNF-α and IFN-γ in adult patients with measles depending on the development of complications

Measles in Zaporizhzhia: in the footsteps of the last epidemic

Features of the clinical course of measles infection during the measles outbreak in 2018-2019 in Ukraine

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