Current considerations in the management of facial nerve palsy

Abstract

Appropriate management of facial nerve palsy is dependent on a multitude of factors and must be tailored to patients on an individual basis. The studies summarized in this article highlight the recent advancements geared toward refining the assessment and treatment of patients with facial neuropathy.

Transglutaminase 2 expressed in mast cells recruited into skin or bone marrow induces the development of pediatric mastocytosis

“…Thus, we finally diagnosed indolent SM (10‐year‐old girl) with recurrent nerve palsy, although we failed to get the results for genetic KIT mutation from BM aspirates. Further details of her clinical history and gene examination, the data explanation for BM biopsy/aspirates, and recurrent facial nerve palsy, which have no report for association with mastocytosis (Fig. a right box, see yellow circle; Fig.…”

“…Mastocytosis is suspected as rare underlying cause of idiopathic urticaria or bee sting anaphylaxis , but association with angioedema and orbital involvement is rare. There has been no report of facial nerve palsy associated with mastocytosis . The most common symptom in childhood CM (90% of patients), which is usually manifested by 2 years of age , is skin lesions, which turn to reddening, urticarial swelling, and pruritus, caused by mediators released from mast cell activation triggered by temperature change, skin friction, ingestion of hot beverage, spicy foods, or certain drugs .…”

Introductory Chapter: Bell’s Palsy

“…Risk factors for Bell's palsy include pregnancy, preeclampsia, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and upper respiratory ailments. The etiology, prognosis, and degree of facial paralysis are quite variable, and it is not possible to draw a treatment plan which fits to all [1,6]. Thus, we must exclude other causes of facial palsy in the first instance.…”

Unilateral iatrogenic ptosis

“…Facial nerve palsies can denervate the orbicularis oculi resulting in lagophthalmos (incomplete lid closure) 1. Facial nerve grafts can re-innervate the muscles of the face, although this is often with only partial success 2.…”