Current Concepts on Endothelial Stem Cells Definition, Location, and Markers

Chambers, Sean; Pathak, Varun; Pedrini, Edoardo; Soret, Lou; Gendron, Nicolas; Guerin, Coralie L.; Stitt, Alan W.; Smadja, David; Medina, Reinhold J.

doi:10.1002/sctm.21-0022

Cited by 41 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…All these notable findings need to be involved in EPC classification for the development of an updated consensus since the current consensus on EPC nomenclature has not covered all EPCs [ 3 ] by (1) source of origin; (2) and most of the surface molecules to characterizes EPC use are from murine model findings [ 78 ], and we strongly discourage from putting these in the same line as a human EPC marker; and (3) in vivo presence, and (4) some misleading information, which we addressed in this manuscript.…”

Section: Unresolved Issues and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Endothelial Progenitor Cell: Past, Present, and Future

Salybekov

Kobayashi

Asahara

2022

IJMS

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Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are currently being studied as candidate cell sources for revascularization strategies. Despite these promising results, widespread clinical acceptance of EPCs for clinical therapies remains hampered by several challenges. The challenges and issues surrounding the use of EPCs and the current paradigm being developed to improve the harvest efficiency and functionality of EPCs for application in regenerative medicine are discussed. It has been observed that controversies have emerged regarding the isolation techniques and classification and origin of EPCs. This manuscript attempts to highlight the concept of EPCs in a sequential manner, from the initial discovery to the present (origin, sources of EPCs, isolation, and identification techniques). Human and murine EPC marker diversity is also discussed. Additionally, this manuscript is aimed at summarizing our current and future prospects regarding the crosstalk of EPCs with the biology of hematopoietic cells and culture techniques in the context of regeneration-associated cells (RACs).

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Section: Unresolved Issues and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Endothelial Progenitor Cell: Past, Present, and Future

Salybekov

Kobayashi

Asahara

2022

IJMS

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“…In addition, Ingram et al found that a complete hierarchy of EPCs can be identified in human umbilical vein ECs or human aortic ECs, showing that EPCs may originate from blood vessels ( 19 ). EPCs have been found to reside in the vasculature beds of various tissues, and CD157 or EPCR have been proposed as markers to identify tissue-resident EPCs ( 20 ). Surprisingly, a recent study reported marker genes, secreted factors, microRNAs (miRNAs), and growth factors of EPCs on the basis of single-cell transcriptomic analyses to better optimize and characterize the EPC subpopulation in adult PB.…”

Section: The Definition Origin and Biological Significance Of Epcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Functions in Ischemic Heart Disease: New Therapeutic Targets for Cardiac Remodeling and Repair

Huang

2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Ischemia and hypoxia following myocardial infarction (MI) cause subsequent cardiomyocyte (CM) loss, cardiac remodeling, and heart failure. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are involved in vasculogenesis, angiogenesis and paracrine effects and thus have important clinical value in alternative processes for repairing damaged hearts. In fact, this study showed that the endogenous repair of EPCs may not be limited to a single cell type. EPC interactions with cardiac cell populations and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in ischemic heart disease can attenuate cardiac inflammation and oxidative stress in a microenvironment, regulate cell survival and apoptosis, nourish CMs, enhance mature neovascularization, alleviate adverse ventricular remodeling after infarction and enhance ventricular function. In this review, we introduce the definition and discuss the origin and biological characteristics of EPCs and summarize the mechanisms of EPC recruitment in ischemic heart disease. We focus on the crosstalk between EPCs and endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells (SMCs), CMs, cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs), and MSCs during cardiac remodeling and repair. Finally, we discuss the translation of EPC therapy to the clinic and treatment strategies.

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“…Thus, the most frequently used markers, so far, are CD34, VEGFR-2, CD31, CD144, and CD146. Among them, CD34 alone appears as the top cell marker of identification, while the combination between CD34 and VEGFR-2 is the second most common identity [ 51 ].…”

Section: Circulating Endothelial and Progenitor Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Training Effects on Circulating Endothelial and Progenitor Cells in Heart Failure

Kourek

Briasoulis

Zouganeli

et al. 2022

JCDD

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Heart failure (HF) is a major public health issue worldwide with increased prevalence and a high number of hospitalizations. Patients with chronic HF and either reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) or mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) present vascular endothelial dysfunction and significantly decreased circulating levels of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). EPCs are bone marrow-derived cells involved in endothelium regeneration, homeostasis, and neovascularization. One of the unsolved issues in the field of EPCs is the lack of an established method of identification. The most widely approved method is the use of monoclonal antibodies and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis via flow cytometry. The most frequently used markers are CD34, VEGFR-2, CD45, CD31, CD144, and CD146. Exercise training has demonstrated beneficial effects on EPCs by increasing their number in peripheral circulation and improving their functional capacities in patients with HFrEF or HFmrEF. There are two potential mechanisms of EPCs mobilization: shear stress and the hypoxic/ischemic stimulus. The combination of both leads to the release of EPCs in circulation promoting their repairment properties on the vascular endothelium barrier. EPCs are important therapeutic targets and one of the most promising fields in heart failure and, therefore, individualized exercise training programs should be developed in rehabilitation centers.

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Current Concepts on Endothelial Stem Cells Definition, Location, and Markers

Cited by 41 publications

References 65 publications

Characterization of Endothelial Progenitor Cell: Past, Present, and Future

Characterization of Endothelial Progenitor Cell: Past, Present, and Future

Regulation of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Functions in Ischemic Heart Disease: New Therapeutic Targets for Cardiac Remodeling and Repair

Exercise Training Effects on Circulating Endothelial and Progenitor Cells in Heart Failure

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