Current concepts of molecular aspects of bone healing

Mineralization and bone regeneration using a bioactive elastin-like recombinamer membrane

“…This high variability may have resulted because the values of bone mineral density obtained for all samples were lower than the selected range of the accuracy of the equipment. Nonetheless, altogether the results are consistent with events normally observed in natural intramembranous ossifi-cation [41] and in accordance with studies that have demonstrated bone regeneration using other peptide-based materials with mineralization-promoting signals [6]. Both our in vitro data and in vivo results suggest that the presence of the SN A 15 sequence of HAP ELRs may promote early biomineralization and potentially lead to cellular signaling that stimulates progenitor cells and enhances the growth of osteoblasts in vivo.…”

Circulating plastic adherent mesenchymal stem cells in aged hip fracture patients

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7]15 However, the significance and functional role of systemically recruited MSCs in fracture healing remain unknown.…”

“…1 Fracture healing represents a complex cascade of events induced by local inflammation during the first 48-72 h. 2 This critical stage of healing includes the release of a number of pro-inflammatory cytokines contributing to MSC mobilization, recruitment, proliferation, and differentiation. 3 The key question is related to the origin of MSCs in fracture repair. Not only local MSCs but also recruitment of remote MSCs to the fracture site through the systemic circulation seems possible.…”

The rational use of animal models in the evaluation of novel bone regenerative therapies

“…The early phase of healing (grade 0-3) enables temporarily fracture stabilization and further endochondral bone formation, and is characterized by the recruitment of mesenchymal cells and successive chondrogenesis resulting in a soft callus formation [14]. The second stage (grade [4][5] is distinguished by deposition of the collagen and subsequent mineralization resulting in a woven bone formation.…”