Current Concepts in the Rehabilitation of the Athletic Shoulder

Effects of the Shoulder Horn and Lightweight Dumbbell Training on Shoulder External Rotators

“…There are various ways to strengthen weak muscles including the use of isolated movement patterns, such as theraband tubing. This effectively trains the shoulder decelerators, including the infraspinatus, teres minor, and deltoid muscles 3,4) . Several exercise programs, including the "emptycan exercise" 5) , "full-can exercise" [6][7][8][9][10] , and "prone full-can exercise" 11) are beneficial in strengthening the supraspinatus.…”

Nonoperative rehabilitation for traumatic and atraumatic glenohumeral instability

“…Functional exercise drills that include positions of instability to induce a reflexive muscular response may protect against future injury or recurring episodes of instability. 2,61,62 Active joint repositioning tasks, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) and plyometric exercises may be beneficial as well to evoke a neuromuscular response.…”

Interval Sport Programs: Guidelines for Baseball, Tennis, and Golf

“…6,10,11 While the strengthening program should achieve a balance between anterior and posterior shoulder musculature, special emphasis should be given to the posterior rotator cuff and scapular musculature for any strengthening program. 9,10 The rehabilitation program should follow a sequential order of alternating days. 6 All strengthening, plyometric, and neuromuscular control drills should be performed 3 times per week (with a day off in between) on the same day as the ISP (Table 1).…”

“…Traditional nonoperative and postoperative rehabilitation programs for these athletes involve a gradual restoration of range of motion (ROM), strength, muscular endurance, dynamic stabilization, and neuromuscular control. 9,10 Upon successful completion of the early phases of the rehabilitation program, a gradual and controlled return to sport activities has been advocated by several authors. 1,2,3,6,9,10,11 The term ''interval sport programs'' has been used to refer to functional rehabilitation guidelines that simulate sport activities.…”

“…9,10 Upon successful completion of the early phases of the rehabilitation program, a gradual and controlled return to sport activities has been advocated by several authors. 1,2,3,6,9,10,11 The term ''interval sport programs'' has been used to refer to functional rehabilitation guidelines that simulate sport activities. These programs are designed to progressively apply forces to the healing structures and are intended to gradually return the athlete to full athletic competition as quickly and safely as possible.…”