Current concepts in simulation and other alternatives for veterinary education: a review

Valliyate, M.; Robinson, N. G.; Goodman, Justin

doi:10.17221/6261-vetmed

Cited by 49 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Because of a variety of pedagogical, ethical, and economic limitations, the use of actual animal specimens in veterinary anatomical education has declined over the past few decades, while newer teaching resources and methods, requiring less consumptive use of animals, have increased (Ozkadif and Eken, ). Novel methods in teaching veterinary anatomy, such as peer‐assisted learning, e‐learning, simulation, virtual reality technology, models, manikins, plastination, and freeze‐drying specimens provide helpful and enjoyable alternatives for veterinary students (Hart et al, ; Patronek and Rauch, ; Plendl et al, ; Valliyate et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most animal specimens must be preserved using formaldehyde solution, which may be harmful and inconvenient to technicians, students, and educators alike. Plastination of biological specimens, however, is clean, dry, odorless, and durable, such that specimens can be handled without gloves and do not require any special storage conditions (Valliyate et al, ). However, plastination is a time‐consuming, complex, and expensive process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of accurate skeletal models of domestic animals using three‐dimensional scanning and printing technology

Liu

Song

et al. 2017

Anatomical Sciences Ed

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Access to adequate anatomical specimens can be an important aspect in learning the anatomy of domestic animals. In this study, the authors utilized a structured light scanner and fused deposition modeling (FDM) printer to produce highly accurate animal skeletal models. First, various components of the bovine skeleton, including the femur, the fifth rib, and the sixth cervical (C6) vertebra were used to produce digital models. These were then used to produce 1:1 scale physical models with the FDM printer. The anatomical features of the digital models and three-dimensional (3D) printed models were then compared with those of the original skeletal specimens. The results of this study demonstrated that both digital and physical scale models of animal skeletal components could be rapidly produced using 3D printing technology. In terms of accuracy between models and original specimens, the standard deviations of the femur and the fifth rib measurements were 0.0351 and 0.0572, respectively. All of the features except the nutrient foramina on the original bone specimens could be identified in the digital and 3D printed models. Moreover, the 3D printed models could serve as a viable alternative to original bone specimens when used in anatomy education, as determined from student surveys. This study demonstrated an important example of reproducing bone models to be used in anatomy education and veterinary clinical training. Anat Sci Educ 11: 73-80. © 2017 American Association of Anatomists.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of accurate skeletal models of domestic animals using three‐dimensional scanning and printing technology

Liu

Song

et al. 2017

Anatomical Sciences Ed

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“…When teaching practical skills in particular, the use of alternative methods helps to safeguard the student from acquiring undesirable attitudes towards animals, such as indifference to animal life and/or disregard for animals as patients. In veterinary medicine and animal sciences, the most suitable alternative to the use of animals in teaching is through the use of models, mannequins and simulators as well as multimedia computer simulations, including virtual reality, in addition to the use of ethically sourced animal cadavers and tissues (8,15,37). Each is followed by complementary activities such as clinical work with patients intended to benefit from this approach.…”

Section: Definition and Types Of Alternativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternatives to animal use in veterinary education: A growing debate

DIÉGUEZ¹

2017

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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Summary:There is a strong case to be made to teach veterinary students without resorting to the use of animals in teaching in the first place, although some authorities may disagree. It is worth examining this issue in light of new developments and new knowledge in the field of cognitive animal ethology as well as a general increase in awareness and concern for animal welfare. The teaching of concepts related to bioethics and animal welfare is increasingly relevant to modern day veterinary medicine. Unfortunately, some veterinary faculties do not emphasize these topics in their curricula. The authors consider that it is possible to largely replace animals in teaching, with other modalities. Transition from the use of replacement modalities, such as the handling of synthetic tissues, to treating living animals should be gradual and be complemented by exposure to a clinical environment in which real animal patients will benefit from the practice. The initial basic courses and procedures should include the use of synthetic models and computer simulations, followed by the study of ethically sourced animal cadavers. Only after this stage should the student be exposed to real patients. This pedagogic approach will allow the student to obtain the necessary skills required for clinical medicine, in addition to fostering a respect for sentient beings. The combination of good clinical skills and a respect for life will contribute in a positive way to raising professional and ethical standards in the profession for the benefit of all concerned.Keywords: Animal use, education, non-animal methods, veterinary medicine. Veteriner hekimliği eğitiminde hayvan kullanımına alternatif yöntemler: Büyüyen bir tartışmaÖzet: Bazı otoriteler farklı düşünse de, veteriner hekimliği eğitiminde öğrencilerin öncelikli olarak hayvan kullanmadan öğrenim görebileceği tezi sağlam temellere dayandırılabilir. Bu konu bilişsel hayvan etolojisi alanında yeni bilgi ve gelişmeler ile hayvan refahı konusunda artan farkındalık ve endişelerin ışığında incelenmeye değerdir. Biyoetik ve hayvan refahına ilişkin kavramların öğretilmesi günümüz veteriner hekimliği ile gittikçe bağlantılı hale gelmiştir. Ancak bazı veteriner fakültelerinin eğitim programlarında bu konu üzerinde yeterince durulmamaktadır. Araştırmacılar, veteriner hekimliği eğitiminde hayvan kullanımına en iyi alternatifin bunların yerini alabilecek diğer metotların kullanılması olduğunu düşünmektedir. Sentetik dokular gibi alternatif yöntemlerden aşamalı olarak canlı hayvan tedavisi ve gerçek hastaların olduğu klinik ortama geçiş, pratik uygulamalar açısından oldukça faydalı olacaktır. Başlangıç dersleri ve prosedürlerin sentetik modeller ve bilgisayar simulasyonları ile yürütülmesi, sonrasında etik açıdan uygun şekilde elde edilmiş kadavralar üzerinde devam ettirilmesi gereklidir. Öğrencilerin gerçek hastalarla bu aşamadan sonra karşılaşmaları uygun olacaktır. Bu pedagojik yaklaşım, klinik hekimlik için öğrencinin gerekli becerileri kazanmasını sağlamasının ötesinde onlara "hisseden varlıklar...

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“…Computerized and information technology assisted and aided learning can regulate many education and scientific objectives and increases the students and staff interaction with the people abroad. It also lowers the cost and makes it more reliable methods and also the student has a positive response about the use of computer assisted learning [19,20]. Sources of alternatives to reduce animal use in scientific trainings and presentation are assistance of the other trainers who can object to the contributing in animal experimentation and discover their own alternate workouts, by developing alternate techniques either alone or with others inside or outside the organization.…”

Section: Substitutions In Scientific Research and Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction, replacement and ethics of animal use in bio-science research and education

Ravindran¹

2017

PAB

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There is a widespread agreement to lower the quantity of animals used in the scientific research and education. Fewer animals should be used in the scientific and educational research practices. Major alternative to in-vivo trails are the encouragement in the use of in-vitro techniques. In late 1950,s it was proposed to decrease the number of animals in in-vivo studies. Efforts should be made to decrease and substitute them with non-sentimental alternatives. The public concerns about animal use, and ethical issues in scientific trails were seen due to the increased use of animal models in scientific research and education. The learning goals of these laboratory works need careful considerations which may lead to an idea of using the alternative methods in research. It will also help to standardise the use of animals in the in vivo experimentation. In this review the overall types of alternatives and standardization in the use of animals in scientific research and education are discussed.

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Current concepts in simulation and other alternatives for veterinary education: a review

Cited by 49 publications

References 40 publications

Production of accurate skeletal models of domestic animals using three‐dimensional scanning and printing technology

Production of accurate skeletal models of domestic animals using three‐dimensional scanning and printing technology

Alternatives to animal use in veterinary education: A growing debate

Reduction, replacement and ethics of animal use in bio-science research and education

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