Current clinical developments in curcumin‐based therapeutics for cancer and chronic diseases

Kumar, Aviral; Harsha, Choudhary; Dey, Parama; Girisa, Sosmitha; Daimary, Uzini Devi; Mao, Xinliang; Kunnumakkara, Ajaikumar B.

doi:10.1002/ptr.7264

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 290 publications

(317 reference statements)

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“…Curcumin is a polyphenolic derivative of turmeric known to have dramatic anticancer effects on cancer cells rather than normal ones. It has been demonstrated that curcumin exerts its toxic effects through modulation of the function of multiple genes including apoptotic, metastatic, cell proliferation and transcription factors [ 10 ]. Studies reported that curcumin modulates cellular pathways involved in cancer pathogenesis including NF-kB, MAPK, PTEN, P53 and wnt [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Profiling of HCT-116 Colorectal Cancer Cells with RNA Sequencing Reveals Novel Targets for Polyphenol Nano Curcumin

Azeez

Neri²,

Feizi³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The gemini nanoparticle formulation of polyphenolic curcumin significantly inhibits the viability of cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanisms and pathways underlying its toxicity in colon cancer are unclear. Here, we aimed to uncover the possible novel targets of gemini curcumin (Gemini-Cur) on colorectal cancer and related cellular pathways. After confirming the cytotoxic effect of Gemini-Cur by MTT and apoptotic assays, RNA sequencing was employed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in HCT-116 cells. On a total of 3892 DEGs (padj < 0.01), 442 genes showed a log2 FC >|2| (including 244 upregulated and 198 downregulated). Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) and gene-pathway networks were constructed by using STRING and Cytoscape. The pathway analysis showed that Gemini-Cur predominantly modulates pathways related to the cell cycle. The gene network analysis revealed five central genes, namely GADD45G, ATF3, BUB1B, CCNA2 and CDK1. Real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis confirmed the significant modulation of these genes in Gemini-Cur-treated compared to non-treated cells. In conclusion, RNA sequencing revealed novel potential targets of curcumin on cancer cells. Further studies are required to elucidate the molecular mechanism of action of Gemini-Cur regarding the modulation of the expression of hub genes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Profiling of HCT-116 Colorectal Cancer Cells with RNA Sequencing Reveals Novel Targets for Polyphenol Nano Curcumin

Azeez

Neri²,

Feizi³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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“…Curcumin can positively affect different risk factors for CVDs and the outcome in the diseases themselves which has been shown in a number of animal models. More importantly, it is effective against cardiovascular diseases and has shown a promising impact on cardiovascular diseases in clinical studies [187]. Unfortunately, the low aqueous solubility and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract of free curcumin result in a poor pharmacokinetic profile and bioavailability.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of Curcumin in Cardiovascular Diseases—Impact on Oxidative Stress and Mitochondria

Cox

Misiou

Vierkant

et al. 2022

Cells

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) contribute to a large part of worldwide mortality. Similarly, two of the major risk factors for these diseases, aging and obesity, are also global problems. Aging, the gradual decline of body functions, is non-modifiable. Obesity, a modifiable risk factor for CVDs, also predisposes to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Moreover, it affects not only the vasculature and the heart but also specific fat depots, which themselves have a major impact on the development and progression of CVDs. Common denominators of aging, obesity, and T2DM include oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic abnormalities such as altered lipid profiles and glucose metabolism, and inflammation. Several plant substances such as curcumin, the major active compound in turmeric root, have been used for a long time in traditional medicine and for the treatment of CVDs. Newer mechanistic, animal, and human studies provide evidence that curcumin has pleiotropic effects and attenuates numerous parameters which contribute to an increased risk for CVDs in aging as well as in obesity. Thus, curcumin as a nutraceutical could hold promise in the prevention of CVDs, but more standardized clinical trials are required to fully unravel its potential.

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“…Chronic disease or non-communicable disease is an umbrella term that is used to define a large number of ailments, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes [ 1 , 2 ]. Despite remarkable improvements in the prevention and therapy of multigenic chronic diseases, their prevalence among patients has not reduced [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oroxylin A: A Promising Flavonoid for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases

et al. 2022

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There have been magnificent advancements in the understanding of molecular mechanisms of chronic diseases over the past several years, but these diseases continue to be a considerable cause of death worldwide. Most of the approved medications available for the prevention and treatment of these diseases target only a single gene/protein/pathway and are known to cause severe side effects and are less effective than they are anticipated. Consequently, the development of finer therapeutics that outshine the existing ones is far-reaching. Natural compounds have enormous applications in curbing several disastrous and fatal diseases. Oroxylin A (OA) is a flavonoid obtained from the plants Oroxylum indicum, Scutellaria baicalensis, and S. lateriflora, which have distinctive pharmacological properties. OA modulates the important signaling pathways, including NF-κB, MAPK, ERK1/2, Wnt/β-catenin, PTEN/PI3K/Akt, and signaling molecules, such as TNF-α, TGF-ꞵ, MMPs, VEGF, interleukins, Bcl-2, caspases, HIF-1α, EMT proteins, Nrf-2, etc., which play a pivotal role in the molecular mechanism of chronic diseases. Overwhelming pieces of evidence expound on the anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and anti-cancer potentials of this flavonoid, which makes it an engrossing compound for research. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies also displayed the promising potential of OA against cancer, cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, neurological disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, etc. Therefore, the current review focuses on delineating the role of OA in combating different chronic diseases and highlighting the intrinsic molecular mechanisms of its action.

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Current clinical developments in curcumin‐based therapeutics for cancer and chronic diseases

Cited by 38 publications

References 290 publications

Transcriptome Profiling of HCT-116 Colorectal Cancer Cells with RNA Sequencing Reveals Novel Targets for Polyphenol Nano Curcumin

Transcriptome Profiling of HCT-116 Colorectal Cancer Cells with RNA Sequencing Reveals Novel Targets for Polyphenol Nano Curcumin

Protective Effects of Curcumin in Cardiovascular Diseases—Impact on Oxidative Stress and Mitochondria

Oroxylin A: A Promising Flavonoid for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases

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