Current Aspects of Functional Hemispheric Asymmetry Studying (Literature Review)

Abstract

According to the classical and modern concepts the organization of functional hemispheric asymmetry is an interesting issue for different specialists. This article reviews current data on fixed and dynamic properties of the cerebral hemispheres functional specialization. The article covers the issues of functional insufficiency of hemispheric interrelations associated with some diseases, gives comparative analysis of parameters of social and psychological adaptation of individuals with one-hemisphere dominance, and presents features of lateralization of brain function in healthy males and females and those with pathology. The authors emphasize the leading role of the corpus collosum in hemispheric interrelations, reveal the features of hemispheric asymmetry of right-handed and left-handed individuals based on interaction of the cortex and the brain regulatory systems during quiet wake, dynamism and falling asleep. The article also focuses on the features of brain function lateralization of some athletes and hemispheric interrelations in different phases of desynchronosis and during organism ageing in normal and stressful ecological conditions. The authors address the issue of the relationship of pregnancy and the brain lateralization, as well as the functional specialization of the cerebral hemispheres with the asymmetry of the autonomic nervous system.

The Problem of Interhemispheric Asymmetry in Determining Individual Lateral Preferences in Children With Intellectual Disabilities

“…The asymmetry of the morphological parameters of the cortical branches of paired vessels in the right and left hemispheres was studied, among others, in the works of Barabash [11], Dunst et al [2], Helland et al [12], Mikadze [10], Sichko [9]. There are works concerning the asymmetry of the morphological parameters of extracranial parts of the main arteries: common carotid arteries [13], vertebral arteries [14]. At the same time, there are few studies in which the indices of paired vessels were compared with regard to gender [15] in the dynamics of their changes at different age periods [16].…”

“…-insufficient interhemispheric interaction on the background of an abnormally small size of the corpus callosum and various disorders in the pyramidal system that provides innervation of the muscles of the opposite side of the body can lead to misalignment when performing symmetrical actions and a violation of coordinated work in the "eye"-"hand" system. In addition, disorders in the pyramidal pathway can lead to the disintegration of complex "serially organized" movements [14]; -slowness of motor reactions in intellectual disability may be caused by low rates of information processing in the right hemisphere. This is evidenced by the results of studies of the speed of visual information processing by the right hemisphere in oligophrenics conducted in 1978 by Genkina [28]; -impairment of movement accuracy in intellectual disability may be caused by inadequate innervation of the muscular apparatus.…”

“…According to the literature, by the end of the period of the second childhood (approximately by the age of 11 years), the formation of indicators reflecting the degree of blood filling of large arteries, the total lumen of small vessels, and the tone of arterial and venous vessels is completed [14]. Therefore, age-related features of changes in the functional organization of hemodynamic processes were analyzed and compared in conditionally healthy children aged 8-11 and in children diagnosed with intellectual disability and mild intellectual disability under conditions of calm wakefulness.…”

Individual Psychological Characteristics of Employees of Internal Affairs Bodies with Different Types of Lateral Brain Organization Profile

“…Также они отличаются широким взглядом на окружающую действительность, не связанным детальным анализом определенной проблемы. Возможно, это связано с тем, что они не считают должным погружаться в проблему и пытаться подстроиться под ее решение [3].…”

Peculiarities of the relationship between social intelligence and cardiorhythm variability parameters of first year students during cognitive load

“…Причем вторая сказывается отрицательно на уровне вербального интеллекта ребёнка [14; 58]. Выявлено, что уровень интеллекта связан с особенностями асимметрии полушарий головного мозга [17]. В частности, снижение межполушарной когерентности электроэнцефалограммы, приводит к ухудшению показателей когнитивной функции [43], а также значительная положительная корреляция между изменением ЧСС и показателем отношения латеральности альфа-диапазона в процессе решения умственных задач [85].…”