Current and potentially novel antithrombotic treatment in acute ischemic stroke

Ceulemans, Angelique; Spronk, Henri M.H.; ten Cate, Hugo; van Zwam, Wim H.; van Oostenbrugge, Robert J.; Nagy, Magdolna

doi:10.1016/j.thromres.2024.02.009

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Stroke is a prevalent ailment characterized by significant rates of impairment, recurrence, and mortality. 15 It stands as one of the three primary diseases that have a substantial impact on human health, alongside coronary heart disease and cancer. The findings of a comprehensive examination conducted on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 revealed notable trends in the occurrence and impact of stroke from 1990 to 2019.…”

Section: The Ischemic Stroke and Its Treatment Modalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Stem Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles: key Players in Ischemic Stroke Therapy – A Comprehensive Literature Review

Zhu,

Zhang,

Feng

et al. 2024

IJN

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Ischemic stroke, being a prominent contributor to global disability and mortality, lacks an efficacious therapeutic approach in current clinical settings. Neural stem cells (NSCs) are a type of stem cell that are only found inside the nervous system. These cells can differentiate into various kinds of cells, potentially regenerating or restoring neural networks within areas of the brain that have been destroyed. This review begins by providing an introduction to the existing therapeutic approaches for ischemic stroke, followed by an examination of the promise and limits associated with the utilization of NSCs for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Subsequently, a comprehensive overview was conducted to synthesize the existing literature on the underlying processes of neural stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (NSC-sEVs) transplantation therapy in the context of ischemic stroke. These mechanisms encompass neuroprotection, inflammatory response suppression, and endogenous nerve and vascular regeneration facilitation. Nevertheless, the clinical translation of NSC-sEVs is hindered by challenges such as inadequate targeting efficacy and insufficient content loading. In light of these limitations, we have compiled an overview of the advancements in utilizing modified NSC-sEVs for treating ischemic stroke based on current methods of extracellular vesicle modification. In conclusion, examining NSC-sEVs-based therapeutic approaches is anticipated to be prominent in both fundamental and applied investigations about ischemic stroke.

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Section: The Ischemic Stroke and Its Treatment Modalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Stem Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles: key Players in Ischemic Stroke Therapy – A Comprehensive Literature Review

Zhu,

Zhang,

Feng

et al. 2024

IJN

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ErpY-like Protein Interaction with Host Thrombin and Fibrinogen Intervenes the Plasma Coagulation through Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways

Hota,

Kumar

2024

ACS Infect. Dis.

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The survival and proliferation of pathogenic Leptospira within a host are complex phenomena that require careful consideration. The ErpYlike lipoprotein, found on the outer membrane surface of Leptospira, plays a crucial role in enhancing the bacterium's pathogenicity. The rErpY-like protein, in its recombinant form, contributes significantly to spirochete virulence by interacting with various host factors, including host complement regulators. This interaction facilitates the bacterium's evasion of the host complement system, thereby augmenting its overall pathogenicity. The rErpY-like protein exhibits a robust binding affinity to soluble fibrinogen, a vital component of the host coagulation system. In this study, we demonstrate that the rErpY-like protein intervenes in the clotting process of the platelet-poor citrated plasma of bovines and humans in a concentration-dependent manner. It significantly reduces clot density, alters the viscoelastic properties of the clot, and diminishes the average clotting rate in plasma. Furthermore, the ErpYlike protein inhibits thrombin-catalyzed fibrin formation in a dose-dependent manner and exhibits saturable binding to thrombin, suggesting its significant role in leptospiral infection. These findings provide compelling evidence for the anticoagulant effect of the ErpY-like lipoprotein and its significant role in leptospiral infection.

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Evaluating anthelmintic, anti-platelet, and anti-coagulant activities, and identifying the bioactive phytochemicals of Amaranthus blitum L.

Abdel-Moez,

Sayed,

Khalifa

et al. 2024

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background Highlighting affordable alternative crops that are rich in bioactive phytoconstituents is essential for advancing nutrition and ensuring food security. Amaranthus blitum L. (AB) stands out as one such crop with a traditional history of being used to treat intestinal disorders, roundworm infections, and hemorrhage. This study aimed to evaluate the anthelmintic and hematologic activities across various extracts of AB and investigate the phytoconstituents responsible for these activities. Methods In vitro anthelmintic activity against Trichinella spiralis was evaluated in terms of larval viability reduction. The anti-platelet activities were assessed based on the inhibitory effect against induced platelet aggregation. Further, effects on the extrinsic pathway, the intrinsic pathway, and the ultimate common stage of blood coagulation, were monitored through measuring blood coagulation parameters: prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and thrombin time (TT), respectively. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. Results Interestingly, a previously undescribed compound (19), N-(cis-p-coumaroyl)-ʟ-tryptophan, was isolated and identified along with 21 known compounds. Significant in vitro larvicidal activities were demonstrated by the investigated AB extracts at 1 mg/mL. Among tested compounds, compound 18 (rutin) displayed the highest larvicidal activity. Moreover, compounds 19 and 20 (N-(trans-p-coumaroyl)-ʟ-tryptophan) induced complete larval death within 48 h. The crude extract exhibited the minimal platelet aggregation of 43.42 ± 11.69%, compared with 76.22 ± 14.34% in the control plasma. Additionally, the crude extract and two compounds 19 and 20 significantly inhibited the extrinsic coagulation pathway. Conclusions These findings extend awareness about the nutritional value of AB as a food, with thrombosis-preventing capabilities and introducing a promising source for new anthelmintic and anticoagulant agents.

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Current and potentially novel antithrombotic treatment in acute ischemic stroke

Cited by 3 publications

References 94 publications

Neural Stem Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles: key Players in Ischemic Stroke Therapy – A Comprehensive Literature Review

Neural Stem Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles: key Players in Ischemic Stroke Therapy – A Comprehensive Literature Review

ErpY-like Protein Interaction with Host Thrombin and Fibrinogen Intervenes the Plasma Coagulation through Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways

Evaluating anthelmintic, anti-platelet, and anti-coagulant activities, and identifying the bioactive phytochemicals of Amaranthus blitum L.

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