Current and Perspective Diagnostic Techniques for COVID-19

Yuan, Xi; Yang, Chengming; He, Qian; Chen, Jun-Hu; Yu, Dongmei; Li, Jie; Zhai, Shiyao; Qin, Zhifeng; Du, Ke; Chu, Zhenhai; Qin, Peiwu

doi:10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00365

Cited by 120 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 154 publications

(310 reference statements)

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“…In the context of the current pandemic situation, several serological tests based on either chemiluminescence, lateral flow, neutralization or immunosorbent assay have been developed and approved by FDA for emergency use [ 19 , 24 , 25 ]. Eleven of these 58 serological tests are mounted on the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay targeting either IgM, IgG or total antibody [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and performance evaluation of a rapid in-house ELISA for retrospective serosurveillance of SARS-CoV-2

Sil

Jahan²,

Haq³

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Background In the ongoing pandemic situation of COVID-19, serological tests can complement the molecular diagnostic methods, and can be one of the important tools of sero-surveillance and vaccine evaluation. Aim To develop and evaluate a rapid SARS-CoV-2 specific ELISA for detection of anti-SARS-CoV2 IgG from patients’ biological samples. Methods In order to develop this ELISA, three panels of samples (n = 184) have been used: panel 1 (n = 19) and panel 2 (n = 60) were collected from RT-PCR positive patients within 14 and after 14 days of onset of clinical symptoms, respectively; whereas panel 3 consisted of negative samples (n = 105) collected either from healthy donors or pre-pandemic dengue patients. As a capturing agent full-length SARS-CoV2 specific recombinant nucleocapsid was immobilized. Commercial SARS-CoV2 IgG kit based on chemiluminescent assay was used for the selection of samples and optimization of the assay. The threshold cut-off point, inter-assay and intra-assay variations were determined. Results The incubation/reaction time was set at a total of 30 minutes with the sensitivity of 84% (95% confidence interval, CI, 60.4%, 96.6%) and 98% (95% CI, 91.1%, 100.0%), for panel 1 and 2, respectively; with overall 94.9% sensitivity (95% CI 87.5%, 98.6%). Moreover, the clinical specificity was 97.1% (95% CI, 91.9%, 99.4%) with no cross reaction with dengue samples. The overall positive and negative predictive values are 96.2% (95% CI 89.2%, 99.2%) and 96.2% (95% CI, 90.6% 99.0%), respectively. In-house ELISA demonstrated 100% positive and negative percent agreement with Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2, with Cohen’s kappa value of 1.00 (very strong agreement), while comparing 13 positive and 17 negative confirmed cases. Conclusion The assay is rapid and can be applied as one of the early and retrospective sero-monitoring tools in all over the affected areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and performance evaluation of a rapid in-house ELISA for retrospective serosurveillance of SARS-CoV-2

Sil

Jahan²,

Haq³

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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“…Next to these commercialized antigen sensors, what is the state-of-the-art for other sensing concepts in the literature and their potential to be taken up into the market? As there are several review articles available by now [ 4 , 8 – 10 , 12 , 15 , 16 ], the discussion will be limited to the most adapted surface ligand for electrochemical and electrical transducers. Some of the considerations can be potentially applied to optical sensing, but will not be evoked here.…”

Section: Dna Antibodies Aptamers: Different Recognition Elements Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the surface ligand on the performance of electrochemical SARS-CoV-2 antigen biosensors

et al. 2021

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Point-of-care (POC) technologies and testing programs hold great potential to significantly improve diagnosis and disease surveillance. POC tests have the intrinsic advantage of being able to be performed near the patient or treatment facility, owing to their portable character. With rapid results often in minutes, these diagnostic platforms have a high positive impact on disease management. POC tests are, in addition, advantageous in situations of a shortage of skilled personnel and restricted availability of laboratory-based analytics. While POC testing programs are widely considered in addressing health care challenges in low-income health systems, the ongoing pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections could largely benefit from fast, efficient, accurate, and cost-effective point-of-care testing (POCT) devices for limiting COVID-19 spreading. The unrestrained availability of SARS-CoV-2 POC tests is indeed one of the adequate means of better managing the COVID-19 outbreak. A large number of novel and innovative solutions to address this medical need have emerged over the last months. Here, we critically elaborate the role of the surface ligands in the design of biosensors to cope with the current viral outbreak situation. Their notable effect on electrical and electrochemical sensors’ design will be discussed in some given examples. Graphical abstract

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“…Another field that broadly employs MSAs is the surface pattering of small molecules and proteins, which are found in a wide range of applications such as biosensors [ 73 ], disease diagnostic tools like detection of COVID-19 [ 74 , 75 ], cell culturing [ 40 , 76 , 77 , 78 ], and other analytical experiments [ 79 ]. Explicitly, PDMS MSAs are widely used because of their low cost of ownership and inherent hydrophobicity, which provides a favored surface for protein adsorption [ 78 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Tapered 3D Microstructure Arrays Using Dual-Exposure Lithography (DEL)

2020

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Three-dimensional (3D) microstructure arrays (MSAs) have been widely used in material science and biomedical applications by providing superhydrophobic surfaces, cell-interactive topography, and optical diffraction. These properties are tunable through the engineering of microstructure shapes, dimensions, tapering, and aspect ratios. However, the current fabrication methods are often too complex, expensive, or low-throughput. Here, we present a cost-effective approach to fabricating tapered 3D MSAs using dual-exposure lithography (DEL) and soft lithography. DEL used a strip-patterned film mask to expose the SU-8 photoresist twice. The mask was re-oriented between exposures (90° or 45°), forming an array of dual-exposed areas. The intensity distribution from both exposures overlapped and created an array of 3D overcut micro-pockets in the unexposed regions. These micro-pockets were replicated to DEL-MSAs in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The shape and dimension of DEL-MSAs were tuned by varying the DEL parameters (e.g., exposure energy, inter-exposure wait time, and the photomask re-orientation angle). Further, we characterized various properties of our DEL-MSAs and studied the impact of their shape and dimension. All DEL-MSAs showed optical diffraction capability and increased hydrophobicity compared to plain PDMS surface. The hydrophobicity and diffraction angles were tunable based on the MSA shape and aspect ratio. Among the five MSAs fabricated, the two tallest DEL-MSAs demonstrated superhydrophobicity (contact angles >150°). Further, these tallest structures also demonstrated patterning proteins (with ~6–7 μm resolution), and mammalian cells, through microcontact printing and direct culturing, respectively. Our DEL method is simple, scalable, and cost-effective to fabricate structure-tunable microstructures for anti-wetting, optical-, and bio-applications.

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Current and Perspective Diagnostic Techniques for COVID-19

Cited by 120 publications

References 154 publications

Development and performance evaluation of a rapid in-house ELISA for retrospective serosurveillance of SARS-CoV-2

Development and performance evaluation of a rapid in-house ELISA for retrospective serosurveillance of SARS-CoV-2

The role of the surface ligand on the performance of electrochemical SARS-CoV-2 antigen biosensors

Fabrication of Tapered 3D Microstructure Arrays Using Dual-Exposure Lithography (DEL)

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