Current and Future Perspectives in the Diagnosis and Management of Helicobacter pylori Infection

Shatila, Malek; Thomas, Anusha Shirwaikar

doi:10.3390/jcm11175086

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 171 publications

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“…Еще одним примером использования анализа выдыхаемого воздуха для оценки статуса здоровья человека является диагностика инфекции Helicobacter pylori. Оценка инфекции Helicobacter pylori возможна на основе измерения соотношения изотопов углерода в выдыхаемом воздухе после уреазного дыхательного теста и применяется в клинической практике, однако эффективность и специфичность такого теста в настоящее время критически пересматривается [42,43].…”

Section: применение анализа выдыхаемого воздуха в медицинеunclassified

Volatomics in healthcare: technical basis and clinical application

Silantyev

Tuter

Bykova

et al. 2023

jour

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Volatilome is a collection of all volatile compounds, both organic and inorganic, the source of which is the object under study. Unlike the metabolome, which includes only compounds of endogenous origin, the concept of volatilome includes substances of both endogenous and exogenous origin. Exhaled air volatilome contains thousands of metabolites and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are formed both in the respiratory tract and in the systems of internal organs and tissues. The study of the chemical composition of human exhalation can provide clinically useful information about the state of human health, while the studies are non-invasive and safe for the patient. The instrumental methods used in the study of human volatilome make it possible to online examine large numbers of patients. All this contributes to a high interest on the part of the medical community in the study of human exhaled air volatilome and suggests that the methods of these research methods have a high potential for implementation in clinical practice.

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Section: применение анализа выдыхаемого воздуха в медицинеunclassified

Volatomics in healthcare: technical basis and clinical application

Silantyev

Tuter

Bykova

et al. 2023

jour

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“…H. pylori is a widespread gastric Gram-negative bacterium infecting half of people worldwide, and in some countries, over 70% of the population [119][120][121]. Its transmission occurs via fecal-oral, gastric-oral, or oral-oral routes [122][123][124], and it can also be linked to routine esophagogastroduodenoscopies as a consequence of ineffective disinfecting procedures [125][126][127][128].…”

Section: Helicobacter Pylori (H Pylori)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) as Biomedical Tools and Their Relevance as Immune-Modulating Agents against H. pylori Infections: Current Status and Future Prospects

Ahmed

Besio

Xiao

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are lipid-membrane-bounded nanoparticles that are released from Gram-negative bacteria via vesiculation of the outer membrane. They have vital roles in different biological processes and recently, they have received increasing attention as possible candidates for a broad variety of biomedical applications. In particular, OMVs have several characteristics that enable them to be promising candidates for immune modulation against pathogens, such as their ability to induce the host immune responses given their resemblance to the parental bacterial cell. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common Gram-negative bacterium that infects half of the world’s population and causes several gastrointestinal diseases such as peptic ulcer, gastritis, gastric lymphoma, and gastric carcinoma. The current H. pylori treatment/prevention regimens are poorly effective and have limited success. This review explores the current status and future prospects of OMVs in biomedicine with a special focus on their use as a potential candidate in immune modulation against H. pylori and its associated diseases. The emerging strategies that can be used to design OMVs as viable immunogenic candidates are discussed.

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“…Many factors, including geographic regions, living environment, socioeconomic status, educational level, and age are involved in the prevalence of H. pylori (22). Gut microbiome, obesity, male gender, consumption of unpasteurised dairy products, and high-risk occupations (e.g., healthcare and sheepherding) predispose individuals to H. pylori infection (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). The development of various adaptations enables H. pylori to effectively colonise in harsh stomach conditions (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helicobacter pylorivirulence factors: subversion of host immune system and development of various clinical outcomes

Mohammadzadeh,

Menbari,

Pishdadian

et al. 2023

Expert Rev. Mol. Med.

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Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a worldwide spread bacterium, co-evolving with humans for at least 100 000 years. Despite the uncertainty about the mode of H. pylori transmission, the development of intra-gastric and extra-gastric diseases is attributed to this bacterium. The morphological transformation and production of heterogenic virulence factors enable H. pylori to overcome the harsh stomach environment. Using numerous potent disease-associated virulence factors makes H. pylori a prominent pathogenic bacterium. These bacterial determinants are adhesins (e.g., blood group antigen-binding adhesin (BabA)/sialic acid-binding adhesin (SabA)), enzymes (e.g., urease), toxins (e.g., vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA)), and effector proteins (e.g., cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA)) involved in colonisation, immune evasion, and disease induction. H. pylori not only cleverly evades the immune system but also robustly induces immune responses. This insidious bacterium employs various strategies to evade human innate and adaptive immune responses, leading to a life-long infection. Owing to the alteration of surface molecules, innate immune receptors couldn't recognise this bacterium; moreover, modulation of effector T cells subverts adaptive immune response. Most of the infected humans are asymptomatic and only a few of them present severe clinical outcomes. Therefore, the identification of virulence factors will pave the way for the prediction of infection severity and the development of an effective vaccine. H. pylori virulence factors are hereby comprehensively reviewed and the bacterium evasion from the immune response is properly discussed.

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Current and Future Perspectives in the Diagnosis and Management of Helicobacter pylori Infection

Cited by 15 publications

References 171 publications

Volatomics in healthcare: technical basis and clinical application

Volatomics in healthcare: technical basis and clinical application

Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) as Biomedical Tools and Their Relevance as Immune-Modulating Agents against H. pylori Infections: Current Status and Future Prospects

Helicobacter pylorivirulence factors: subversion of host immune system and development of various clinical outcomes

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