Current and Future Clinical Applications of Cardiac Positron Emission Tomography

Ohira, Hiroshi; Ardle, Brian Mc; Cocker, Myra; deKemp, Robert A.; DaSilva, Jean N.

doi:10.1253/circj.cj-13-0213

Cited by 25 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Ohira et al suggest this cohort likely represents triple vessel disease or microvascular disease. Preventative therapy and possibly invasive coronary angiography are warranted [54]. …”

Section: Spect and Pet Myocardial Perfusion Radiotracers For Detecmentioning

confidence: 99%

New SPECT and PET Radiopharmaceuticals for Imaging Cardiovascular Disease

Sogbein

Pelletier‐Galarneau

Schindler

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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Nuclear cardiology has experienced exponential growth within the past four decades with converging capacity to diagnose and influence management of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with technetium-99m radiotracers or thallium-201 has dominated the field; however new hardware and software designs that optimize image quality with reduced radiation exposure are fuelling a resurgence of interest at the preclinical and clinical levels to expand beyond MPI. Other imaging modalities including positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) continue to emerge as powerful players with an expanded capacity to diagnose a variety of cardiac conditions. At the forefront of this resurgence is the development of novel target vectors based on an enhanced understanding of the underlying pathophysiological process in the subcellular domain. Molecular imaging with novel radiopharmaceuticals engineered to target a specific subcellular process has the capacity to improve diagnostic accuracy and deliver enhanced prognostic information to alter management. This paper, while not comprehensive, will review the recent advancements in radiotracer development for SPECT and PET MPI, autonomic dysfunction, apoptosis, atherosclerotic plaques, metabolism, and viability. The relevant radiochemistry and preclinical and clinical development in addition to molecular imaging with emerging modalities such as cardiac MRI and PET-MR will be discussed.

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“…Ohira et al suggest this cohort likely represents triple vessel disease or microvascular disease. Preventative therapy and possibly invasive coronary angiography are warranted [54]. …”

Section: Spect and Pet Myocardial Perfusion Radiotracers For Detecmentioning

confidence: 99%

New SPECT and PET Radiopharmaceuticals for Imaging Cardiovascular Disease

Sogbein

Pelletier‐Galarneau

Schindler

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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“…However, a novel and powerful construct has been published by Johnson and Gould 134 which has been incorporated by others. 135 This proposed framework integrates absolute flows and CFR onto a 2-dimensional scatter plot and incorporates "ischemic" low flow thresholds from their earlier publications (Fig 4). Color-coded data points from the scatter plots are spatially arranged anatomically and used to create an anatomic comprehensive flow map.…”

Section: Standard Relative Pet Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Is Ischemia and How Should This Be Defined Based on Modern Imaging?

Bober

Jahangir

2015

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases

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“…Positron emission tomography (PET) is a sensitive and quantitative molecule imaging modality widely used in biomedical researches [1][2][3] and in clinics for diagnosis and pathological studies. [4][5][6] The performance of a PET system is largely determined by the performance of the detector module, in terms of discrete crystal decoding, 7 depth of interaction (DOI) decoding, 8 energy resolution, 9 timing resolution, 10 and intrinsic sensitivity. 11 A PET system without the capability depth of interaction (DOI) measurement is affected by parallax errors that could deteriorate the image quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A depth encoding PET detector using four‐crystals‐to‐one‐SiPM coupling and light‐sharing window method

et al. 2019

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Purpose Depth of interaction (DOI) decoding capability is of great importance for positron emission tomography (PET) requiring high resolution. In this study, we presented a novel low‐cost DOI detector design with four crystals coupling to one SiPM, based on the method of rectangular light‐sharing window (RLSW). A prototype detector was constructed, calibrated, and assessed using the methods of homogeneous radiation and flood map analysis. Methods The DOI detector was constructed with a 4 × 4 array of lutetium‐yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) crystals (2.95 mm × 2.95 mm × 20 mm3), barium sulfate (BaSO4) reflectors, and optical glues. A RLSW 7 mm in height was deployed in the BaSO4 reflectors. A non‐DOI detector with identical dimensions and without RLSW was also constructed for comparison. The light‐output surface of the detector was air‐coupled with a 4 × 4 array of SiPMs (3 mm × 3 mm2). The signals generated from the 16 SiPMs were read out by a custom‐designed electronic system, and the signals from four adjacent 3 mm SiPMs were summed into one signal to emulate a 2 × 2 array of 6 mm SiPMs. The RLSW caused the DOI‐related position shifts of the crystal spots in the flood map. A homogeneous radiation method was used to establish the transfer functions to convert the spot shifts measured from the flood map into DOI measurements. The accuracy of the DOI measurements was assessed with data acquired using the conventional collimated radiation method. Results All 16 crystals are distinctly separated from each other in the flood map. Twelve crystals, including four central crystals and eight edge crystals, have the DOI capability. The full width half maximum (FWHM) of the DOI measurements of the central crystals and the edge crystals are 3.06 ± 0.08 and 3.79 ± 0.15 mm, respectively, for the configuration with four crystals coupling to one SiPM. By contrast, the FWHMs (3.98 ± 0.16 and 5.12 ± 0.38 mm, respectively) are slightly worse for the configuration with one crystal coupling to one SiPM. The average and standard deviation (STD) of the FWHM energy resolutions of the DOI detector and non‐DOI detector were 10.2% ± 0.7% and 10.7% ± 1.7%, respectively. Their FWHM coincidence timing resolutions were 197.0 ± 9.6 and 206.4 ± 13.3 ps, respectively. The RLSW had no significant impact on the energy resolutions and timing resolutions of the DOI detector. Conclusions The novel four‐crystals‐to‐one‐SiPM coupling technology is a cost‐efficient approach to construct high‐performance detector modules with DOI capability. The methods of homogeneous radiation and flood map analysis are easy to perform and of good performance. Those methods can be adapted in the clinic PET scanners to enable the capability of DOI measurements.

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Current and Future Clinical Applications of Cardiac Positron Emission Tomography

Cited by 25 publications

References 91 publications

New SPECT and PET Radiopharmaceuticals for Imaging Cardiovascular Disease

New SPECT and PET Radiopharmaceuticals for Imaging Cardiovascular Disease

What Is Ischemia and How Should This Be Defined Based on Modern Imaging?

A depth encoding PET detector using four‐crystals‐to‐one‐SiPM coupling and light‐sharing window method

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