Current Advances in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) underscores a rising epidemic orchestrating critical socio-economic burden on countries globally. Different treatment options for the management of DM are evolving rapidly because the usual methods of treatment have not completely tackled the primary causes of the disease and are laden with critical adverse effects. Thus, this narrative review explores different treatment regimens in DM management and the associated challenges. A literature search for published articles on recent advances in DM management was completed with search engines including Web of Science, Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, using keywords such as DM, management of DM, and gene therapy. Our findings indicate that substantial progress has been made in DM management with promising results using different treatment regimens, including nanotechnology, gene therapy, stem cell, medical nutrition therapy, and lifestyle modification. However, a lot of challenges have been encountered using these techniques, including their optimization to ensure optimal glycemic, lipid, and blood pressure modulation to minimize complications, improvement of patients’ compliance to lifestyle and pharmacologic interventions, safety, ethical issues, as well as an effective delivery system among others. In conclusion, lifestyle management alongside pharmacological approaches and the optimization of these techniques is critical for an effective and safe clinical treatment plan.

Mitigating diabetes associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protein aggregation through pharmacological interventions

“…To manage this condition effectively and efficiently, there is a need for a focus on public policies that bolster healthcare access and resources. 110 Furthermore, an increase in awareness will be essential for the prevention and management of this disease. 3 As we can understand from above, many factors and variables influence the development of diabetes, and many of them are yet to be discovered, consequently, a proper and up-to-date diagnosis can be fundamental for the correct treatment of the disease to avoid long-term complications and reduce mortality.…”

Synthesis, molecular docking and DFT analysis of novel bis-Schiff base derivatives with thiobarbituric acid for α-glucosidase inhibition assessment

“…Inhibiting this enzyme contributes to the deceleration of carbohydrate digestion, highlighting the significance of such targeted approaches in diabetes care 33 , 34 . The prevalence of diabetes mellitus has reached alarming levels globally, necessitating continuous efforts to discover innovative therapeutic agents 35 .…”

Deep Learning captures the effect of epistasis in multifactorial diseases

“…Its adverse effects may include high levels of blood sugar, heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, nerve damage, and eye problems. Although nowadays one cannot prevent type 1 diabetes, knowing about the genetic predisposition is important, as early diagnosis and proactive management are key to minimizing the negative effects [24]. Moreover, type 1 diabetes is commonly misdiagnosed as type 2 based on clinical indicators [25].…”