Current advances in syngas (CO + H2) production through bi-reforming of methane using various catalysts: A review

Mohanty, Udit Surya; Ali, Muhammad; Azhar, Muhammad Rizwan; Al-Yaseri, Ahmed; Keshavarz, Alireza; Iglauer, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.07.097

Cited by 107 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 218 publications

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“…In this context, hydrogen geo-storage is a highly promising way to achieve a large-scale hydrogen economy that mitigates greenhouse gas emissions caused by burning fossil fuels and meets the global energy demand. − The key influencing parameters on the capillary sealing efficiency of the caprocks are the interface, pore, and wetting characteristics of the rock/H 2 /water system. The small pore throat radius of caprocks implies that a very high capillary entry pressure is needed for gas penetration in the pore. , The Laplace equation for capillary pressure is given as follows where γ is the interfacial tension between gas and water, θ is the receding contact angle, which determines the wettability of the rock/gas/water system, and r is the pore throat radius of the caprock.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary Sealing Efficiency Analysis of Caprocks: Implication for Hydrogen Geological Storage

et al. 2022

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In hydrogen geological storage, capillary sealing efficiency analysis of caprocks is very important for containment security. In this work, the H2 wettabilities of three shales and one evaporite under various pressures (0.1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 MPa), temperatures (298 and 353 K), and organic acid concentrations (10–9 to 10–2 mol/L) were measured using the tilted plate method, and their effects on the capillary sealing efficiency of the caprocks were analyzed. Furthermore, two oil shales were tested to see the effect of their total organic content (TOC) on the wettability at two different pressure (5 and 15 MPa) and temperature (323 and 353 K) values since the TOC dramatically varies in shales and can significantly influence the wetting characteristics and, thus, the sealing efficiency. The results of this study indicate that the H2 wettability of the caprocks increased with pressure, organic acid concentration, and TOC but decreased with temperature. However, the sealing efficiency and H2 column height of the caprocks decreased with all the varying parameters but increased with temperature for oil shales. Furthermore, small pore sizes (i.e., r = 5 nm as a typical value for this study) and evaporites (e.g., gypsum) have the most efficient conditions for sealing for increased storage capacity. Overall, this work provides a deep understanding of the sealing efficiency of caprocks, which will aid in the successful implementation of hydrogen geo-storage and its associated structural trapping capacities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary Sealing Efficiency Analysis of Caprocks: Implication for Hydrogen Geological Storage

et al. 2022

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“…The greenhouse effect has contributed significantly to the rise in the Earth’s temperature and global warming. − One of the key gases responsible for the greenhouse effect is carbon dioxide, which is produced mainly from fossil-fuel combustion and oxidation. , Almost 36 billion tons of anthropogenic CO 2 emissions per annum have been attributed to stationary and non-stationary fossil fuel sources. , While alternative solutions have been proposed, − CO 2 capture and storage are regarded as a means for attaining the de-carbonization objectives and restraining the global rise in temperature to less than 2 °C. − Nevertheless, the storage process is very complex and requires a fundamental understanding of the fluid flow dynamics, rock-fluid interfacial interactions, storage/caprock wetting states, trapping capacities, and containment security of various geological storage formations. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Various Solvents on Adsorption of Organics for Porous and Nonporous Quartz/CO₂/Brine Systems: Implications for CO₂ Geo-Storage

et al. 2022

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The underground geo-storage of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is an essential component of the carbon capture and sequestration value chain. The success of CO 2 containment depends on the wetting state of the rock, which controls the mechanism of fluid flow and distribution. The presence of organic acids in the storage formation introduces a considerable effect on the wettability of the rock/CO 2 /brine system under various temperature and pressure conditions. Despite the previous studies on this topic, the impact of the substrate pores, the rock surface roughness, and the solvents used to prepare the organic acid solution under various temperatures and pressures has not yet been elucidated. In the present study, the contact angles of non-porous quartz and porous Fontainebleau quartz are measured in CO 2 /brine systems at various pressures of 0.1−20 MPa and temperatures of 298 and 323 K. In addition, various solvents are used to prepare the stearic acid solution in order to assess their influence on the adsorption of organics for porous and non-porous quartz/CO 2 /brine systems. The results clearly indicate that n-decane is the most effective solvent for solubilizing the stearic acid to attain full wettability of the substrate by CO 2 due to its polar compatibility with the stearic acid. Generally, the porous aged Fontainebleau quartz exhibits higher contact angles than the aged non-porous quartz at higher pressures, and the unaged Fontainebleau surfaces demonstrate water wettability, with a wide range of advancing and receding contact angles of less than 90°. However, when the pressure is increased to 15 and 20 MPa in the CO 2 /brine system, the contact angles of the Fontainebleau quartz are higher than those of pure quartz. These results suggest that the surface roughness of the rock merely amplifies the inherent surface chemistry and original wettability of the rock if surface conditions are hydrophobic.

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“… 1 , 2 Currently, the most common means of producing hydrogen is the steam reforming of natural gas, the major component of which is methane. 3 , 4 However, although the reformate is hydrogen-rich, it also contains approximately 10% carbon monoxide (CO), which can poison the catalyst within the electrodes of PEFC stacks; therefore, the CO concentration must be reduced to below 10 ppm before supplying the reformate to the stacks. 5 − 7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operando Spectroscopic Study of the Dynamics of Ru Catalyst during Preferential Oxidation of CO and the Prevention of Ammonia Poisoning by Pt

Sato

Zaitsu

Kitayama

et al. 2022

JACS Au

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Hydrogen is a promising clean energy source. In domestic polymer electrolyte fuel cell systems, hydrogen is produced by reforming of natural gas; however, the reformate contains carbon monoxide (CO) as a major impurity. This CO is removed from the reformate by a combination of the water–gas shift reaction and preferential oxidation of CO (PROX). Currently, Ru-based catalysts are the most common type of PROX catalyst; however, their durability against ammonia (NH 3 ) as an impurity produced in situ from trace amounts of nitrogen also contained in the reformate is an important issue. Previously, we found that addition of Pt to an Ru catalyst inhibited deactivation by NH 3 . Here, we conducted operando XAFS and FT-IR spectroscopic analyses with simultaneous gas analysis to investigate the cause of the deactivation of an Ru-based PROX catalyst (Ru/α-Al 2 O 3 ) by NH 3 and the mechanism of suppression of the deactivation by adding Pt (Pt/Ru/α-Al 2 O 3 ). We found that nitric oxide (NO) produced by oxidation of NH 3 induces oxidation of the Ru nanoparticle surface, which deactivates the catalyst via a three-step process: First, NO directly adsorbs on Ru 0 to form NO-Ru δ+ , which then induces the formation of O-Ru n + by oxidation of the surrounding Ru 0 . Then, O-Ru m + is formed by oxidation of Ru 0 starting from the O-Ru n + nuclei and spreading across the surface of the nanoparticle. Pt inhibits this process by alloying with Ru and inducing the decomposition of adsorbed NO, which keeps the Ru in a metallic state.

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Current advances in syngas (CO + H2) production through bi-reforming of methane using various catalysts: A review

Cited by 107 publications

References 218 publications

Capillary Sealing Efficiency Analysis of Caprocks: Implication for Hydrogen Geological Storage

Capillary Sealing Efficiency Analysis of Caprocks: Implication for Hydrogen Geological Storage

Effects of Various Solvents on Adsorption of Organics for Porous and Nonporous Quartz/CO₂/Brine Systems: Implications for CO₂ Geo-Storage

Operando Spectroscopic Study of the Dynamics of Ru Catalyst during Preferential Oxidation of CO and the Prevention of Ammonia Poisoning by Pt

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Current advances in syngas (CO + H2) production through bi-reforming of methane using various catalysts: A review

Cited by 107 publications

References 218 publications

Capillary Sealing Efficiency Analysis of Caprocks: Implication for Hydrogen Geological Storage

Capillary Sealing Efficiency Analysis of Caprocks: Implication for Hydrogen Geological Storage

Effects of Various Solvents on Adsorption of Organics for Porous and Nonporous Quartz/CO2/Brine Systems: Implications for CO2 Geo-Storage

Operando Spectroscopic Study of the Dynamics of Ru Catalyst during Preferential Oxidation of CO and the Prevention of Ammonia Poisoning by Pt

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Effects of Various Solvents on Adsorption of Organics for Porous and Nonporous Quartz/CO₂/Brine Systems: Implications for CO₂ Geo-Storage