Current-Activated, Pressure-Assisted Infiltration: A Novel, Versatile Route for Producing Interpenetrating Ceramic–Metal Composites

Hu, Liangfa; Kothalkar, Ankush; O'Neil, Morgan; Караман, И.; Radović, Miladin

doi:10.1080/21663831.2013.873498

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…All three foams were fabricated using the same volume percent (40 vol.%) of NaCl particles and have comparable overall porosities of 40.8, 41.6 and 39.9 vol.% after pressureless sintering. The infiltration of these foams with Al 6061 alloy using procedures described elsewhere25 resulted in Al alloy/Ti 2 AlC composites with various sizes of the Al alloy phase, as shown in Fig. 1d–f.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was shown in our previous work that a current and pressure-assisted, rapid infiltration is a viable method to produce Al alloy/MAX phase composites25. In the present work, the combination of rapid infiltration and MAX phase foams with tailored structures is used to control the microstructure in Al alloy/MAX phase composites.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…An approach to obtain improved high-temperature properties is to combine Al alloys with ceramics, such as Al 2 O 3 141516, B 4 C171819, and SiC2021222324. However, MAX phases have not been explored for Al-based composites until two recent studies on Ti 3 AlC 2 /Al 7 and Al alloy/Ti 2 AlC composites25.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Performance Metal/Carbide Composites with Far-From-Equilibrium Compositions and Controlled Microstructures

O'Neil

Erturun

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The prospect of extending existing metal-ceramic composites to those with the compositions that are far from thermodynamic equilibrium is examined. A current and pressure-assisted, rapid infiltration is proposed to fabricate composites, consisting of reactive metallic and ceramic phases with controlled microstructure and tunable properties. An aluminum (Al) alloy/Ti2AlC composite is selected as an example of the far-from-equilibrium systems to fabricate, because Ti2AlC exists only in a narrow region of the Ti-Al-C phase diagram and readily reacts with Al. This kind of reactive systems challenges conventional methods for successfully processing corresponding metal-ceramic composites. Al alloy/Ti2AlC composites with controlled microstructures, various volume ratios of constituents (40/60 and 27/73) and metallic phase sizes (42–83 μm, 77–276 μm, and 167–545 μm), are obtained using the Ti2AlC foams with different pore structures as preforms for molten metal (Al alloy) infiltration. The resulting composites are lightweight and display exceptional mechanical properties at both ambient and elevated temperatures. These structures achieve a compressive strength that is 10 times higher than the yield strength of the corresponding peak-aged Al alloy at ambient temperature and 14 times higher at 400 °C. Possible strengthening mechanisms are described, and further strategies for improving properties of those composites are proposed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 92%

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High-Performance Metal/Carbide Composites with Far-From-Equilibrium Compositions and Controlled Microstructures

O'Neil

Erturun

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…At 160 MPa cm 3 /g, their specific strengths were approximately 4 times higher than those of pure Al. [21] These solutions to the problem, however, do not lend themselves to rapid, near-net shape, inexpensive manufacturing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To circumvent this problem Wang et al [20] hot pressed Al and Ti 3 AlC 2 powders at a temperature (550°C) at which the reaction kinetics were slow. More recently, Hu et al [21] used current-activated, pressure-assisted infiltration to fabricate Al-Ti 2 AlC composites. In this method, the processing and densification occur too rapidly for extensive reactions to occur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactions Between Ti2AlC, B4C, and Al and Phase Equilibria at 1000 °C in the Al-Ti-B-C Quaternary System

Agne

Anasori

Barsoum

2015

J. Phase Equilib. Diffus.

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As automotive, aerospace and the power industries increasingly look to carbide and boride based aluminum, Al, composites for their high specific strengths and increased thermal stability, it is important to characterize the equilibrium phase relations at temperatures common for processing these composites. Herein, two composites were fabricated starting with Al, Ti 2 AlC, and B 4 C. The Ti 2 AlC/B 4 C powders were mixed in both 50/50 and 75/25 vol.% ratios and cold pressed into 53% dense preforms. The preforms were pressureless melt infiltrated in the 900-1050°C temperature range with Al. Ten hour equilibration experiments were also conducted at 1000°C. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy confirmed that neither Ti 2 AlC nor B 4 C was an equilibrium phase. A number of reaction phases-AlB 2 , Al 3 BC, TiB 2 , TiC, TiAl 3 and Al 4 C 3 -could be found in the non-equilibrated samples. However, the equilibrium phases were found to be Al, TiB 2 , Al 3 BC, and Al 4 C 3 for the more B-rich composite and Al, TiB 2 , TiC, and Al 4 C 3 for the Tirich composite. From these results, the 1000°C quaternary phase diagram adjacent to the AlTiB 2 -Al 4 C 3 triangle and in the Al-rich corner was developed for the first time. This study is a requisite first step for the development and use of advanced composites in the Al-Ti-B-C system.

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Bio‐Inspired Ceramic–Metal Composites Using Ceramic 3D Printing and Centrifugal Infiltration

et al. 2021

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To address the strength–toughness dilemma, various techniques for the preparation of ceramic–metal composites have been proposed. Utilizing stereolithographic additive manufacturing and centrifugal infiltration, a method for the preparation of bio‐inspired ceramic–metal composites is proposed. The proposed method offers flexibility in the design of individual phases of ceramic–metal composites architecturally, with the benefits of scalability and individual phase dimensional control. The versatility of this approach is demonstrated by fabricating silica–aluminum composites with structures inspired by mineralized layers in bivalve mollusk shells, including both 2D prismatic and 3D interpenetrating composites. For composites in compression, the measured specific strength is as high as 169% than that of the base metal (monolithic 6061 aluminum alloy). The highest crack growth toughness of 12.89 MPa m1/2 is recorded. The crack growth sequence shows crack deflection at ceramic–metal interfaces. Based on the tomographic structural analysis of the ceramic parts, the porosity of the green and sintered parts are 9% and 15%, respectively. It is believed that the strength and fracture toughness of these ceramic–metal composites could be further improved if the mechanical properties of the ceramic components can be improved by reducing porosity and structural defects during printing and sintering steps.

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Current-Activated, Pressure-Assisted Infiltration: A Novel, Versatile Route for Producing Interpenetrating Ceramic–Metal Composites

Cited by 25 publications

References 31 publications

High-Performance Metal/Carbide Composites with Far-From-Equilibrium Compositions and Controlled Microstructures

High-Performance Metal/Carbide Composites with Far-From-Equilibrium Compositions and Controlled Microstructures

Reactions Between Ti2AlC, B4C, and Al and Phase Equilibria at 1000 °C in the Al-Ti-B-C Quaternary System

Bio‐Inspired Ceramic–Metal Composites Using Ceramic 3D Printing and Centrifugal Infiltration

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