Curly Coat of Horses*

Blakeslee, L. H.; Hudson, RichardW.; Hunt, H.R.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a105260

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The mode of inheritance for curly coat is controversially discussed. Segregation ratios in matings of curly with straight coated Percheron as well as among curly coated Lokai horses suggested an autosomal recessive inheritance 5 , 6 . Analyses of breeding records of the American Bashkir Curly registry indicated an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance for curly coat as curly coated stallions sired curly and straight coated foals with curly coated mares 8 , 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And even though curls in the coat of horses are popular when they occur not only in ABCHs but also in other horse breeds 5 , 6 , the genetic cause for curls in horses and for hypotrichosis in some individuals has not been discovered so far. In this study, we performed genotyping on a high density bead chip and next generation sequencing to identify causative variants for the development of curly coat and in addition, to disentangle the genetic mechanism for hypotrichosis in curly coated horses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An epistatic effect of KRT25 on SP6 is involved in curly coat in horses

Thomer

Gottschalk

Christmann

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Curly coat represents an extraordinary type of coat in horses, particularly seen in American Bashkir Curly Horses and Missouri Foxtrotters. In some horses with curly coat, a hypotrichosis of variable extent was observed, making the phenotype appear more complex. In our study, we aimed at investigating the genetic background of curly coat with and without hypotrichosis using high density bead chip genotype and next generation sequencing data. Genome-wide association analysis detected significant signals (p = 1.412 × 10−05–1.102 × 10−08) on horse chromosome 11 at 22–35 Mb. In this significantly associated region, six missense variants were filtered out from whole-genome sequencing data of three curly coated horses of which two variants within KRT25 and SP6 could explain all hair phenotypes. Horses heterozygous or homozygous only for KRT25 variant showed curly coat and hypotrichosis, whereas horses with SP6 variant only, exhibited curly coat without hypotrichosis. Horses with mutant alleles in both variants developed curly hair and hypotrichosis. Thus, mutant KRT25 allele is masking SP6 allele effect, indicative for epistasis of KRT25 variant over SP6 variant. In summary, genetic variants in two different genes, KRT25 and SP6, are responsible for curly hair. All horses with KRT25 variant are additionally hypotrichotic due to the KRT25 epistatic effect on SP6.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An epistatic effect of KRT25 on SP6 is involved in curly coat in horses

Thomer

Gottschalk

Christmann

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…These hypotheses are not mutually exclusive and the crossbreeding of different lineages may be the source of the genetic and phenotypic heterogeneities reported. Indeed, in North American horses, the most frequent Curly coat phenotype is described as autosomal dominant (Crd) [ 6 ], whereas recessive forms have been reported to segregate in the Quarter Horse, Arabian, Appaloosa, Missouri Fox Trotter, Tennessee Walking Horse, Paint, Morgan and Paso Fino breeds [ 6 ] as well as in French Percheron horses [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A missense variant in the coil1A domain of the keratin 25 gene is associated with the dominant curly hair coat trait (Crd) in horse

et al. 2017

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BackgroundCurly horses present a variety of curl phenotypes that are associated with various degrees of curliness of coat, mane, tail and ear hairs. Their origin is still a matter of debate and several genetic hypotheses have been formulated to explain the diversity in phenotype, including the combination of autosomal dominant and recessive alleles. Our purpose was to map the autosomal dominant curly hair locus and identify the causal variant using genome-wide association study (GWAS) and whole-genome sequencing approaches.ResultsA GWAS was performed using a Bayesian sparse linear mixed model, based on 51 curly and 19 straight-haired French and North American horses from 13 paternal families genotyped on the Illumina EquineSNP50 BeadChip. A single strong signal was observed on equine chromosome 11, in a region that encompasses the type I keratin gene cluster. This region was refined by haplotype analysis to a segment including 36 genes, among which are 10 keratin genes (KRT-10, -12, -20, -23, -24, -25, -26, -27, -28, -222). To comprehensively identify candidate causal variants within all these genes, whole-genome sequences were obtained for one heterozygous curly stallion and its straight-haired son. Among the four non-synonymous candidate variants identified and validated in the curly region, only variant g.21891160G>A in the KRT25 gene (KRT25:p.R89H) was in perfect agreement with haplotype status in the whole pedigree. Genetic association was then confirmed by genotyping a larger population consisting of 353 horses. However, five discordant curly horses were observed, which carried neither the variant nor the main haplotype associated with curliness. Sequencing of KRT25 for two discordant horses did not identify any other deleterious variant, which suggests locus rather than allelic heterogeneity for the curly phenotype.ConclusionsWe identified the KRT25:p.R89H variant as responsible for the dominant curly trait, but a second dominant locus may also be involved in the shape of hairs within North American Curly horses.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12711-017-0359-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Horses having a curly coat instead of the usual straight hair coat have been documented as resulting from a recessive gene in Percheron horses (Blakeslee et al, 1943). A further report concerning curliness of Lokai horses has appeared in Animal Breeding Abstracts (Shchekin and Kalaev, 1941).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dominant curly coat in horses

Sponenberg¹

1990

Genet. Sel. Evol.

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Curly Coat of Horses*

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

An epistatic effect of KRT25 on SP6 is involved in curly coat in horses

An epistatic effect of KRT25 on SP6 is involved in curly coat in horses

A missense variant in the coil1A domain of the keratin 25 gene is associated with the dominant curly hair coat trait (Crd) in horse

Dominant curly coat in horses

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