Curing of DER-331 Epoxy Resin with Arylaminocyclotriphosphazenes Based on o-, m-, and p-methylanilines

Abstract

As a result of this research, it was established that the chlorine atom replacement rates in hexa-chlorocyclotriphosphazene by o-, m-, and p-methylanilines’ temperatures are crucial in determining which reaction is made. The speed of reaction practically does not affect the polarity of the synthesis solvent. For the formation of fully substituted o-, m-, and p-arilaminocyclotriphosphazenes, the reaction takes 5 h and is carried out in the diglyme at its boiling temperature. The structure of the synthesized AAP was confirmed by 31P and 1H NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. By means of synchronous DSK and TGA, it is found that the synthesized AAP are crystalline and their thermal destruction has a stepped character. Thermal destruction is shown to be accompanied by the simultaneous removal of three aniline molecules from the AAP molecules. Conducted curing of epoxy resin DER-331 is carried out using the AAP as a curing agent. It has been established that due to steric difficulties, o- AAP does not interact with epoxy resin, unlike m- and p- AAP. The gel fraction in curing resin is measured, and the AAP relate to the stage processes of macromolecule formation. The result is that polymers based on DER-331 and m-, p-AAP have a gel fraction content up to 97 mass. %. These polymers have glass-transition temperatures 80 and 85 °C (m- and p-AAP-based, respectively) and demonstrate fire resistance to standard UL-94 of category V-0.

Nano boron nitride laminated poly(ethyl methacrylate)/poly(vinyl alcohol) composite films imprinted with silver nanoparticles as gas barrier and bacteria resistant packaging materials

“…Again, the chemical inertness and laminated structure of BN ensures long‐term stability, and its compatibility with various polymers allows seamless integration without compromising structural integrity. In contrast to phosphazenes, BN's unique properties, cost‐effectiveness, and availability further justify its preference, making it a practical choice for large‐scale applications 59,60 …”

“…In contrast to phosphazenes, BN's unique properties, cost-effectiveness, and availability further justify its preference, making it a practical choice for large-scale applications. 59,60 The current study emphasized on the enhancement in gas barrier, fire retardant, and antibacterial properties by BN lamination on PEMA/PVA/Ag nanocomposite thin films. The focus of the present work is to design a potential material for packaging application, leveraging the distinct advantages of each component in comparison to other polymer-based alternatives, such as chitosan.…”

Synthesis of multi‐element hybrid polyphosphonitrile microspheres and their flame retardant application in epoxy resins

“…Compared with the known phosphonitrile-based flame retardant epoxy resin, this paper selects the metal and phosphonitrile synergistic system, the metal is dispersed in the form of coordination bond in the polyphosphonitrile, and the dispersive effect with the flame retardant is good, so as to achieve the ideal synergistic flame retardant effect. [25][26][27] The surface morphology, chemical structure, and elemental analysis was carried out using electron microscopy (SEM-EDS), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The mechanical properties of Salen-PZN-Ni@BA@KH-550/ EP composites were investigated by tensile, impact, flexural and hardness tests.…”

Influence of Curing Agents Molecular Structures on Interfacial Characteristics of Graphene/Epoxy Nanocomposites: A Molecular Dynamics Framework

“…It has already been reported that the hardeners types and their geometrical structures are essential parameters that determine the properties of the matrix and interphase region. [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Ezquerro et al [24] used MD simulation to indicate that hardener type could change the interphase thickness; however, they could not establish a relationship between the hardener structure and interphase thickness since they only examined two kinds of hardener. Shundo et al [25] experimentally investigated the effect of the distance of the cross-linking points of the hardener, which was changed by adding different numbers of methyl groups between two cross-linking points, on the cooperative segmental dynamics in the epoxy.…”

“…It has already been reported that the hardeners types and their geometrical structures are essential parameters that determine the properties of the matrix and interphase region. [ 24–37 ] Ezquerro et al. [ 24 ] used MD simulation to indicate that hardener type could change the interphase thickness; however, they could not establish a relationship between the hardener structure and interphase thickness since they only examined two kinds of hardener.…”