Curing Kinetics of Phenol Formaldehyde Resin Modified with Sodium Silicate

Abstract

The curing kinetics of PF resin modified with sodium silicate had been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The kinetic analysis was performed at heating rates of 5, 10, 15, and 20°C/min，respectively. The kinetic parameters such as reaction order and activation energy were solved by Kissinger and Crane equation. The relationship between curing temperature and heating rate was also investigated. The activation energy and the curing reaction order，which were obtained by kinetic calculation, are 83.00kJ/mol and 0.917, respectively. The curing reaction kinetics equations were built by the obtained best curing temperature, reaction order, pre-exponential factor and reaction rate constant.

Carbonation Curing and Kinetics of Wood-Sodium Silicate Composites

“…Increasing the heating rate from 5 °C/min to 20 °C/min raised the peak temperature from 85 to 99 °C. This behavior occurred because with an increase in heating rate, the curing properties of the system lag behind causing the reaction to occur later at higher temperature …”

“…This behavior occurred because with an increase in heating rate, the curing properties of the system lag behind causing the reaction to occur later at higher temperature. 31 With the addition of varying weights of 40-and 200-mesh wood fibers to SS, broad bimodal exothermic peaks that partially overlap were observed, indicating two curing stages occurring simultaneously. The first peak was between 80-110 °C, which is the SS curing phase, and the second peak, which was the largest, was around 140-180 °C.…”

Cure kinetics of a composite friction material with phenolic resin/rubber compounds as organic binder

“…Among the available resins, phenolic resins have been commonly used in friction material manufacture due to their high adhesive strength and weathering resistance [10]. Both, phenolic resins and rubbers, are raw materials whose cure kinetics have been previously individually characterised [11][12][13][14], but hardly any research has been carried out on cure kinetics of friction materials with phenolic resin/ rubber polymeric matrix.…”