Cure monitoring using ultrasonic guided waves in wires

Vogt, Thomas; Lowe, M. J. S.; Cawley, P.

doi:10.1121/1.1589751

Cited by 35 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The results show that almost no signal was transmitted through the 0.9 m long embedding region due to strong attenuation of the signal. The reflection coefficient is in the range of 0.1-0.22 and decreases with increasing frequency; this behaviour has been discussed in Vogt et al 20,21 Figure 4(c) shows results obtained in the half-wall case, where the transmitted signal decreases only slightly with propagation distance along the embedded region of the pipe and a significant signal was recorded at the monitoring position beyond the embedded region. The reflection coefficient in the half-wall case [ Fig.…”

Section: A Finite-element Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…), and have been utilised to study various systems, including steel bars embedded in cement grout, 19 wires embedded in epoxy resin, 20,21 rock bolts embedded in rock strata, 22 reinforcing bars and anchor bolts embedded in concrete, 23 steel bars embedded in soil, 24 and pipes buried in sand. 5 Recently, Leinov et al 6 have presented the possibility of ultrasonic isolation of pipelines buried in soil, utilising a carefully specified pipe coating material promoting the trapping of ultrasonic guided wave energy within the waveguide rather than allowing it to leak.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Investigation of guided wave propagation in pipes fully and partially embedded in concrete

Leinov

Lowe

Cawley

2016

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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The application of long-range guided-wave testing to pipes embedded in concrete results in unpredictable test-ranges. The influence of the circumferential extent of the embedding-concrete around a steel pipe on the guided wave propagation is investigated. An analytical model is used to study the axisymmetric fully embedded pipe case, while explicit finite-element and semi-analytical finite-element simulations are utilised to investigate a partially embedded pipe. Model predictions and simulations are compared with full-scale guided-wave tests. The transmission-loss of the T(0,1)-mode in an 8 in. steel pipe fully embedded over an axial length of 0.4 m is found to be in the range of 32–36 dB while it reduces by a factor of 5 when only 50% of the circumference is embedded. The transmission-loss in a fully embedded pipe is mainly due to attenuation in the embedded section while in a partially embedded pipe it depend strongly on the extent of mode-conversion at entry to the embedded-section; low loss modes with energy concentrated in the region of the circumference not-covered with concrete have been identified. The results show that in a fully embedded pipe, inspection beyond a short distance will not be possible, whereas when the concrete is debonded over a fraction of the pipe circumference, inspection of substantially longer lengths may be possible.

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Section: A Finite-element Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 56%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of guided wave propagation in pipes fully and partially embedded in concrete

Leinov

Lowe

Cawley

2016

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…A buried wave‐guided structure causes large attenuation of the guided wave, which has been proven from theory, simulations, and experiments . Concrete causes a larger attenuation than clay, sand, and viscoelastic‐coated cylindrical waveguides, which shortens the practical testing length of the pipe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Axial magnetized patch for efficient transduction of longitudinal guided wave and defect identification in concrete-covered pipe risers

Fang

Tse

2018

Struct Control Health Monit

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Pipe risers partially covered by a wall are difficult to test because the concrete causes large attenuation and mode conversion. Both reasons make it difficult to analyze the signal. This paper reports the design of an axial magnetized magnetostrictive patch transducer (AM-MPT) for efficient transduction of longitudinal guided wave, which can be used to detect defects in concrete-covered pipe risers. First, the paper started with a theoretical background about the influence of length-to-width ratio of the magnetized rectangular patch on the demagnetizing factors and the magnetic field intensity of the patch. Second, the simulation and experimental results proved that the length-to-width ratio of the magnetized iron cobalt patch has a great influence on its magnetic field intensity and signal amplitude of the AM-MPT. Comparison experiments proved that the static magnetic field of AM-MPT provided by an iron cobalt patch led to larger signal amplitudes than those provided by magnets. Third, the attenuation of L(0,2) in concrete-covered pipe riser were studied using the AM-MPT experimentally, which were according with disperse simulation results basically. And the experimental results proved that AM-MPT was more suitable to be applied in concrete-covered pipe risers testing than original MPT.Finally, the AM-MPT was applied in a defect identification of concrete-covered pipe riser sample. The experimental results for the AM-MPT and the piezoelectric transducer showed that the AM-MPT can potentially be applied in pipe riser defect identification.

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“…Various nondestructive testing (NDT) methods have been applied to inspect cables and wires, such as visual inspection [6,7], radiographic testing [8,9], magnetic flux leakage (MFL) testing [10,11], acoustic emission testing [12], vibration testing [13–15] and guided wave testing [16–21], especially magnetostrictive guided wave (MGW) testing [22–26]. The visual inspection method is the most commonly used method on cables.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Magnetic Flux Leakage and Magnetostrictive Guided Wave Hybrid Transducer for Detecting Bridge Cables

Cheng

et al. 2012

Sensors

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Condition assessment of cables has gained considerable attention for the bridge safety. A magnetic flux leakage and magnetostrictive guided wave hybrid transducer is provided to inspect bridge cables. The similarities and differences between the two methods are investigated. The hybrid transducer for bridge cables consists of an aluminum framework, climbing modules, embedded magnetizers and a ribbon coil. The static axial magnetic field provided by the magnetizers meets the needs of the magnetic flux leakage testing and the magnetostrictive guided wave testing. The magnetizers also provide the attraction for the climbing modules. In the magnetic flux leakage testing for the free length of cable, the coil induces the axial leakage magnetic field. In the magnetostrictive guided wave testing for the anchorage zone, the coil provides a pulse high power variational magnetic field for generating guided waves; the coil induces the magnetic field variation for receiving guided waves. The experimental results show that the transducer with the corresponding inspection system could be applied to detect the broken wires in the free length and in the anchorage zone of bridge cables.

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Cure monitoring using ultrasonic guided waves in wires

Cited by 35 publications

References 15 publications

Investigation of guided wave propagation in pipes fully and partially embedded in concrete

Investigation of guided wave propagation in pipes fully and partially embedded in concrete

Axial magnetized patch for efficient transduction of longitudinal guided wave and defect identification in concrete-covered pipe risers

A Magnetic Flux Leakage and Magnetostrictive Guided Wave Hybrid Transducer for Detecting Bridge Cables

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