Abstract:CuO structures were synthesized by microwave hydrothermal treatment using two different mineralizing agents (NaOH and NH 4 OH) and were evaluated as photocatalysts. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The XRD patterns indicated the formation of the monoclinic phase in both samples with 13.78 and 14.23 nm crystallite size. SEM analysis showed different agglomerates morphologies based on the miner… Show more
“…As pictured in Figure 3, the plans of (110), (111), (202), ( 113) and (311) of CuO are perceived and identified by JCPDS no. 0045-0937 [31,32]. Besides this, the ZnO crystalline unit cell as (100), ( 102), (002), (110), ( 112) and ( 202) are shown in Figure 3, which matched with JCPDS no.…”
In this research study, we developed a voltammetric electrochemical sensor probe with a copolymer Nafion (Sulfonated Tetrafluoroethylene-based Fluoro-polymer) decorated with hydrothermally prepared sandwich-type CuO/ZnO nanospikes (NSs) onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for reliable thiourea (TU) detection. The detailed characterizations in terms of structural morphology, binding energy, elemental compositions, grain size and crystallinity for synthesized NSs were performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, respectively. The differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) analysis for TU showed good linearity at current-versus-TU concentration on the calibration plot in the 0.15~1.20 mM range, which is defined as a dynamic detection range (LDR) of TU in a phosphate buffer solution. Considering the slope of LDR over the GCE-coated NSs surface area (0.0316 cm2), the TU sensor sensitivity (0.4122 µA µM−1 cm−2) was obtained. Besides this, the low limit (LOD) for TU detection was calculated and found to be 23.03 ± 1.15 µM. The fabricated Nafion/CuO/ZnO NSs/GCE sensor probe was created as a reliable sensor based on reproducibility, interference effect, stability and response time. Real bio-samples were investigated and the results confirm the anticipated reliability of the TU sensor probe. Thus, this is a noble way to develop enzyme-free electrochemical sensors that could be an alternative approach for the detection of chemicals in the field of enzyme-free biosensor development technology.
“…As pictured in Figure 3, the plans of (110), (111), (202), ( 113) and (311) of CuO are perceived and identified by JCPDS no. 0045-0937 [31,32]. Besides this, the ZnO crystalline unit cell as (100), ( 102), (002), (110), ( 112) and ( 202) are shown in Figure 3, which matched with JCPDS no.…”
In this research study, we developed a voltammetric electrochemical sensor probe with a copolymer Nafion (Sulfonated Tetrafluoroethylene-based Fluoro-polymer) decorated with hydrothermally prepared sandwich-type CuO/ZnO nanospikes (NSs) onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for reliable thiourea (TU) detection. The detailed characterizations in terms of structural morphology, binding energy, elemental compositions, grain size and crystallinity for synthesized NSs were performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, respectively. The differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) analysis for TU showed good linearity at current-versus-TU concentration on the calibration plot in the 0.15~1.20 mM range, which is defined as a dynamic detection range (LDR) of TU in a phosphate buffer solution. Considering the slope of LDR over the GCE-coated NSs surface area (0.0316 cm2), the TU sensor sensitivity (0.4122 µA µM−1 cm−2) was obtained. Besides this, the low limit (LOD) for TU detection was calculated and found to be 23.03 ± 1.15 µM. The fabricated Nafion/CuO/ZnO NSs/GCE sensor probe was created as a reliable sensor based on reproducibility, interference effect, stability and response time. Real bio-samples were investigated and the results confirm the anticipated reliability of the TU sensor probe. Thus, this is a noble way to develop enzyme-free electrochemical sensors that could be an alternative approach for the detection of chemicals in the field of enzyme-free biosensor development technology.
This work aims to investigate the influence of Cr 3+ , Co 2+ and Cu 2+ on the formation of calcium silicates hydrates in CaO-SiO 2-Al 2 O 3-H 2 O system under hydrothermal conditions. The dry primary mixture with the molar ratio CaO/(SiO 2 + Al 2 O 3) = 1.5 and Al 2 O 3 /(Al 2 O 3 + SiO 2) = 0.05 was mixed with heavy metal nitrate solutions (metal ions concentration-10 g/l) to reach the water/solid ratio of the suspension equal to 10.0. The hydrothermal synthesis was carried out in unstirred suspensions, under saturated steam pressure at 200°C temperature for 0-72 hours. It was determined that nature of metal ions have influence on both mineral composition and thermal stability of synthesis products. It was obtained that by increasing synthesis temperature up to 200°C, all Cr 3+ and Co 2+ ions were intercalated into the structure of synthesis products. Meanwhile Cu 2+ ions participate in chemical reactions and as a result copper oxide were formed. The products of synthesis were characterized by STA, DSC, XRD and AAS analyses.
“…Sample ZC100 is presented in Figure 5 i,j and it is formed of bipyramidal morphology. M. Quirino et al prepared CuO with a microwave hydrothermal method without any surfactants, and it resulted in a plate-like shape [ 53 ]. P. Gao et al prepared CuO with a hydrothermal method without any surfactants, and it resulted in a dumbbell-like morphology [ 54 ].…”
This work represents a novel combination between Acacia nilotica pods’ extract and the hydrothermal method to prepare nanoparticles of pure zinc oxide and pure copper oxide and nanocomposites of both oxides in different ratios. Five samples were prepared with different ratios of zinc oxide and copper oxide; 100% ZnO (ZC0), 75% ZnO: 25% CuO (ZC25), 50% ZnO: 50% CuO (ZC50), 25% ZnO: 75% CuO (ZC75), and 100% CuO (ZC100). Several techniques have been applied to characterize the prepared powders as FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TEM. The XRD results confirm the formation of the hexagonal wurtzite phase of zinc oxide and the monoclinic tenorite phase of copper oxide. The microscopy results show the formation of a heterostructure of nanocomposites with an average particle size of 13–27 nm.
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