Cumulative Effect of Predisposing Genotypes and Their Interaction With Modifiable Factors on the Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults

Pezzini, Alessandro; Grassi, Mario; Zotto, Elisabetta Del; Archetti, Silvana; Spezi, Raffaella; Vergani, Veronica; Assanelli, Deodato; Caimi, Luigi; Padovani, Alessandro

doi:10.1161/01.str.0000155741.31499.c2

Cited by 76 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…A very similar profile of classic vascular risk factors in young ischemic stroke patients has also been reported elsewhere, however, differing in the order of frequency [3][4][5][6][7][15][16][17][18][19]. These results show that conventional vascular risk factors are significant risk factors for ischemic stroke not only in the >55 age group, but also in younger population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Similar analyses have rarely been reported in published studies. Pezzini et al found that odds ratio for ischemic stroke was 1.73 with 95%CI 1.20-2.51 in subjects with one prothrombotic polymorphism and 3.00 with 95%CI 1.43-6.30 in those with two or more polymorphisms [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research results suggest that the genetic predisposition might primarily influence the etiopathogenesis of premature ischemic stroke in young and middle-aged individuals [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, the G20210A polymorphism of the prothrombin gene, the G1691A polymorphism of the factor V gene, the C677T polymorphism of the methylentetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHDR) gene and the 4G/5G polymorphism of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) are the most frequently studied. Some studies failed, but others did demonstrate the association of these polymorphisms with the risk of ischemic stroke [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Results from these studies address the weak effect of single genetic marker on the stroke risk development; it might be stronger in younger individuals and in mutually cumulative interactions of different polymorphisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results from these studies address the weak effect of single genetic marker on the stroke risk development; it might be stronger in younger individuals and in mutually cumulative interactions of different polymorphisms. To date, we are aware of just few studies that have investigated cumulative effect of these prothrombotic and proatherogenic polymorphisms on the stroke risk development [6,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

The Role of Classic Risk Factors and Prothrombotic Factor Gene Mutations in Ischemic Stroke Risk Development in Young and Middle-Aged Individuals

Supanc¹,

Sonicki

Vukasović³

et al. 2014

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research results suggest that the genetic predisposition might primarily influence the etiopathogenesis of premature ischemic stroke in young and middle-aged individuals [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Role of Classic Risk Factors and Prothrombotic Factor Gene Mutations in Ischemic Stroke Risk Development in Young and Middle-Aged Individuals

Supanc¹,

Sonicki

Vukasović³

et al. 2014

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases

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Homocysteine,MTHFR gene polymorphisms, and cardio-cerebrovascular risk

Trabetti

2008

J Appl Genet

111

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Vascular diseases are commonly associated with traditional risk factors, but in the last decade scientific evidence has suggested that elevated plasma levels of homocysteine are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular ischaemic events. Cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases are multifactorial, as their aetiopathogenesis is determined by genetic and environmental factors and by gene-gene and gene-environment interactions. Experimental studies have shown that many possible mechanisms are implicated in the pro-atherogenic effect of homocysteine. Hyperhomocysteinaemia may confer a mild risk alone, but it increases the risk of disease in association with other factors promoting vascular lesions. Variants in genes encoding enzymes involved in homocysteine metabolism, or depletion of important cofactors or substrates for those enzymes, including folate, vitamin B12 and vitamin B6, may result in elevated plasma homocysteine levels. Several studies have been performed to elucidate the genetic determinant of hyperhomocysteinaemia in patients with vascular disease, and the MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism is the one most extensively investigated. However, the lack of homogeneity in the data and the high number of factors influencing plasma homocysteine concentrations remain conflicting. Moreover, studies on the evaluation of therapeutic interventions in improving the atherogenic profile, lowering plasma homocysteine levels, and preventing vascular events, have shown inconsistent results, which are reviewed in this paper. More prospective, double-blind, randomized studies, including folate and vitamin B interventions, and genotyping for polymorphisms in genes involved in homocysteine metabolism, might better define the relationship between mild hyperhomocysteinaemia and vascular damage.

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Migraine and stroke: from a questioned relationship to a supported comorbidity

Narbone¹,

Gangemi²,

Abbate³

2008

Neurol Sci

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Migraine and stroke are two common and prevalent diseases. The relationship between them is an ongoing, intriguing matter of debate. About 40 years ago, some different reports on this topic raised the question of the existence of a relationship between the two diseases. To date the existence of a comorbidity between migraine and ischaemic stroke is supported by population and clinical series studies. Literature data on this subject are reviewed in this report.

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Cumulative Effect of Predisposing Genotypes and Their Interaction With Modifiable Factors on the Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults

Cited by 76 publications

References 29 publications

The Role of Classic Risk Factors and Prothrombotic Factor Gene Mutations in Ischemic Stroke Risk Development in Young and Middle-Aged Individuals

The Role of Classic Risk Factors and Prothrombotic Factor Gene Mutations in Ischemic Stroke Risk Development in Young and Middle-Aged Individuals

Homocysteine,MTHFR gene polymorphisms, and cardio-cerebrovascular risk

Migraine and stroke: from a questioned relationship to a supported comorbidity

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