“…Most of the large river systems worldwide are highly influenced by hydroelectric dams (Nilsson, Reidy, Dynesius, & Revenga, ; Winemiller et al, ). The construction of a dam on a river represents a major threat to aquatic ecosystems as it results in significant environmental modifications with critical consequences to biota (Agostinho, Gomes, Santos, Ortega, & Pelicice, ; Gubiani, Gomes, Agostinho, & Baumgartner, ; Santos et al, ). For instance, post‐dam limnological changes influence the composition and abundance of several biological groups, such as algae (Bertrand, Siauve, Fayolle, & Cazaubon, ), macrophytes (Thomaz, Carvalho, Padial, & Kobayashi, ), benthic invertebrates (Bredenhand & Samways, ), and fish (Agostinho, Pelicice, & Gomes, ; Granzotti, Miranda, Agostinho, & Gomes, ; Ngor, Legendre, Oberdorff, & Lek, ; Oliveira, Baumgartner, Gomes, Dias, & Agostinho, ).…”