Culture of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, 1931) with zero water exchange and no food addition: an eco friendly approach

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Juveniles (3.5 ± 0.3 g) of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were grown during 40 days with no water exchanges, no food addition and four initial densities (25, 50, 75 and 100 g m -3 , corresponding to between 8 and 32 shrimp m -2 ), to determine growth rates, which could be achieved using the periphyton growing on artificial substrates as the only food source. The experimental culture units were 12 polyethylene 1 m 3 cylindrical tanks with 4.8 m 2 of total submerged surface (bottom and walls), provided with 7.2 m 2 of artificial substrate (Aquamats™). There were no significant differences in the ammonia and nitrite concentrations determined in the four treatments (0.17-0.19 and 0.10-0.11 mg L -1 , respectively), which remained below the respective levels of concern for shrimp cultures. Mean survival was similar, and ranged from close to 91 to 97%, whereas there were significant differences in mean individual weight, which ranged from 11.9-10.6 g shrimp -1 for the two low initial densities (25 y 50 g m -3), to 8.3-7.7 g shrimp -1 for the other treatments. However, because of the high survival and of the higher initial density, the best biomass yield was with 100 g m -3 . The final nitrogen contents of sediment and water were lower than the initial values, and between 36 and 60% of the difference was converted into shrimp biomass. Keywords: Litopenaeus vannamei, artificial substrates, nutrient recycling, biofilm, nitrogen budget, water quality, Mexico. ), aunque por la mayor densidad inicial, el mejor rendimiento en biomasa se observó en los cultivos sembrados con 100 g m -3 . Los contenidos de nitrógeno determinados al final del experimento, en el agua y sedimento, fueron inferiores a los valores iniciales, y entre el 36 y 60% de sus diferencias se recuperaron en biomasa de camarón. Palabras clave: Litopenaeus vannamei, sustrato artificial, reciclamiento de nutrientes, biopelícula, balance de nitrógeno, calidad de agua, México. Cultivo de camarón blanco (Litopenaeus vannameiBoone

Microbial‐based systems for aquaculture of fish and shrimp: an updated review

“…In a subsequent study Audelo‐Naranjo et al . () farmed white shrimp in polyethylene tanks at densities from 8 to 32 org m −2 , using the periphyton developed on the artificial substrates as the only food source. Mean survival ranged from 91 to 97%, and greater growth performances were observed at lower densities.…”

“…Audelo-Naranjo et al (2010) reported that periphyton associated to artificial subst**rates and combined with inert feed, improved the survival, biomass and FCR of white shrimp intensively farmed at mesocosm level. In a subsequent study Audelo-Naranjo et al (2012) farmed white shrimp in polyethylene tanks at densities from 8 to 32 org m À2 , using the periphyton developed on the artificial substrates as the only food source. Mean survival ranged from 91 to 97%, and greater growth performances were observed at lower densities.…”

Utilization of rice byproducts as carbon sources in high-density culture of the Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei

“…Marine shrimp aquaculture requires new technologies to eliminate and control water exchange, discharge of effluents, disease outbreaks, and overuse of feeds (Lara et al, 2012). In recent years, high-density shrimp farming under limited water exchange has been possible through manipulation of microbial communities in water (Azim and Little, 2008;Samocha et al, 2010;Krummenauer et al, 2011;Audelo-Naranjo et al, 2012). The principle of minimum water exchange crops is based on the addition of carbon sources to balance the C:N ratio in water.…”

Effect of addition of Navicula sp. on plankton composition and postlarvae growth of Litopenaeus vannamei reared in culture tanks with zero water exchange

“…Their use increases production costs (Audelo-Naranjo et al, 2012) and can result in an insufficient supply of some essential nutrients (Crab et al, 2007), thus becoming a limiting factor in intensive systems. To minimize or reduce this nutrient deficiency, organic and inorganic fertilizers can be added to the cultivation systems to promote growth of the microbial community, which is a food source (Brito et al, 2009a(Brito et al, , 2009bAsaduzzaman et al, 2010;LaraAnguiano et al, 2013).…”

“…In intensive farming systems with Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), microalgae (through photosynthesis) and the other constituents of the microbial community can play an important role in recycling nutrients (Audelo-Naranjo et al, 2012;Sánchez et al, 2012) decreasing the anoxic zones in ponds and alleviating the nutrient load in wastewater (Martínez-Porchas et al, 2010), while providing a nutrition source for shrimp in semi-intensive (Otoshi et al, 2011) and intensive systems (Sánchez et al, 2012).…”