Culture growth of testate amoebae under different silicon concentrations

Wanner, Manfred; Seidl-Lampa, Barbara; Höhn, Axel; Puppe, Daniel; Meisterfeld, Ralf; Sommer, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2016.08.008

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Culturing studies by Jennings (1916) early on demonstrated the wide variation that could be observed within clonal lineages of Difflugia. Factors such as silicon availability (Wanner et al, 2016), food or temperature were shown experimentally to influence aperture shape and test size, both in the field (Wanner and Meisterfeld, 1994) and in vitro (Wanner, 1994). Given the importance of morphology-based taxonomic identification for applications such as paleoecology and biomonitoring (Mitchell et al, 2014), and the comparability of observations and experiments carried out within various research laboratories, taxonomic revisions, or the development of an alternative objective classification scheme is necessary.…”

Section: Testate Amoeba Molecular Variability Vs Trait Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Testate Amoeba Functional Traits and Their Use in Paleoecology

et al. 2020

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This review provides a synthesis of current knowledge on the morphological and functional traits of testate amoebae, a polyphyletic group of protists commonly used as proxies of past hydrological changes in paleoecological investigations from peatland, lake sediment and soil archives. A trait-based approach to understanding testate amoebae ecology and paleoecology has gained in popularity in recent years, with research showing that morphological characteristics provide complementary information to the commonly used environmental inferences based on testate amoeba (morpho-)species data. We provide a broad overview of testate amoeba morphological and functional traits and trait-environment relationships in the context of ecology, evolution, genetics, biogeography, and paleoecology. As examples we report upon previous ecological and paleoecological studies that used trait-based approaches, and describe key testate amoebae traits that can be used to improve the interpretation of environmental studies. We also highlight knowledge gaps and speculate on potential future directions for the application of trait-based approaches in testate amoeba research.

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Section: Testate Amoeba Molecular Variability Vs Trait Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Testate Amoeba Functional Traits and Their Use in Paleoecology

et al. 2020

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“…In this context, two different causal chains can be discussed: either SiO 2 -synthesizing organisms are drivers of the amount of Si(OH) 4 in the soil or -vice versa -the amount of water-soluble Si in the soils is the main driver of SiO 2 -synthesizing organisms as biosilicification is limited by Si(OH) 4 . Laboratory studies revealed that SiO 2 -synthesizing organisms, i.e., testate amoebae, can deplete the amount of Si(OH) 4 in culture media due to biosilicification (Aoki et al, 2007;Wanner et al, 2016). However, Wanner et al (2016) also showed that culture growth of SiO 2 -synthesizing testate amoebae was dependent on Si concentration in the culture media.…”

Section: Drivers Of Short-term Changes In Water-soluble Si At Chickenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laboratory studies revealed that SiO 2 -synthesizing organisms, i.e., testate amoebae, can deplete the amount of Si(OH) 4 in culture media due to biosilicification (Aoki et al, 2007;Wanner et al, 2016). However, Wanner et al (2016) also showed that culture growth of SiO 2 -synthesizing testate amoebae was dependent on Si concentration in the culture media. Furthermore, in situ analyses showed that marine diatom blooms can deplete Si(OH) 4 concentrations in the oceans (Hildebrand, 2008).…”

Section: Drivers Of Short-term Changes In Water-soluble Si At Chickenmentioning

confidence: 99%

How big is the influence of biogenic silicon pools on short-term changes in water-soluble silicon in soils? Implications from a study of a 10-year-old soil–plant system

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The significance of biogenic silicon (BSi) pools as a key factor for the control of Si fluxes from terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems has been recognized for decades. However, while most research has been focused on phytogenic Si pools, knowledge of other BSi pools is still limited. We hypothesized that different BSi pools influence short-term changes in the water-soluble Si fraction in soils to different extents. To test our hypothesis we took plant (Calamagrostis epigejos, Phragmites australis) and soil samples in an artificial catchment in a post-mining landscape in the state of Brandenburg, Germany. We quantified phytogenic (phytoliths), protistic (diatom frustules and testate amoeba shells) and zoogenic (sponge spicules) Si pools as well as Tironextractable and water-soluble Si fractions in soils at the beginning (t 0 ) and after 10 years (t 10 ) of ecosystem development. As expected the results of Tiron extraction showed that there are no consistent changes in the amorphous Si pool at Chicken Creek (Hühnerwasser) as early as after 10 years. In contrast to t 0 we found increased water-soluble Si and BSi pools at t 10 ; thus we concluded that BSi pools are the main driver of short-term changes in water-soluble Si. However, because total BSi represents only small proportions of water-soluble Si at t 0 (< 2 %) and t 10 (2.8-4.3 %) we further concluded that smaller (< 5 µm) and/or fragile phytogenic Si structures have the biggest impact on short-term changes in water-soluble Si. In this context, extracted phytoliths (> 5 µm) only amounted to about 16 % of total Si contents of plant materials of C. epigejos and P. australis at t 10 ; thus about 84 % of small-scale and/or fragile phytogenic Si is not quantified by the used phytolith extraction method. Analyses of small-scale and fragile phytogenic Si structures are urgently needed in future work as they seem to represent the biggest and most reactive Si pool in soils. Thus they are the most important drivers of Si cycling in terrestrial biogeosystems.

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“…The generation time was observed of being circa seven days. In a recent study, Wanner et al (2016) investigated the growth of testate amoebae (including E. rotunda) under different silicon concentrations (50, 100, 150 mmoL/L). They reported that a population started with a single E. rotunda reached the exponential phase as early as after 15 days (with a silicon concentration of 150 mmoL/L) to the latest after 20 days (with a silicon concentration of 50 mmoL/L).…”

Section: Finding the Best Conditions For Reproducible Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), carbon source (E. coli vs. Saccharomyces cerevisiae), silicon concentration (1,5 mmoL/L vs 50, 100, 150 mmoL/L)), a duration of 15e28 days seems appropriate to obtain a population in exponential phase in both setups (i.e. the present study and the study of Wanner et al, 2016). We therefore choose a duration of 28 days for the ecotoxicological test.…”

Section: Finding the Best Conditions For Reproducible Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a new ecotoxicological assay using the testate amoeba Euglypha rotunda (Rhizaria; Euglyphida) and assessment of the impact of the herbicide S-metolachlor

et al. 2018

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An ever-increasing diversity of potentially toxic chemical compounds are being developed and released into the environment as a result of human activities (e.g. agriculture, drugs, and cosmetics). Among these, pesticides have been shown to affect non-targeted wildlife since the 1960s. A range of ecotoxicological tests are used to assess the toxicity of pesticides on various model organisms. However most model organisms are metazoans, while the majority of Eukaryotes are unicellular microorganisms known as protists. Protists are ubiquitous organisms of key functional roles in all ecosystems but are so far little studied with respect to pesticide impact. To fill this gap, we developed a new ecotoxicological test based on Euglypha rotunda, a common soil amoeba, grown in culture flask with Escherichia coli as sole food source. We tested this assay with the herbicide S-metolachlor, which is known to affect cell division in seedling shoots and roots of weeds. Reproducible growth conditions were obtained for E. rotunda. The growth of E. coli was not affected by the herbicide. The growth of E. rotunda was affected by the herbicide in a non-linear way, growth being significantly reduced at ca. 15 μg/L, but not at 150 μg/L. Our results show the potential for using soil protists in ecotoxicology and adds to the growing body of evidence for non-linear impacts of pesticides on non-target organisms. With the acquisition of additional data, the protocol should be suitable for standard ecotoxicological tests.

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Culture growth of testate amoebae under different silicon concentrations

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Testate Amoeba Functional Traits and Their Use in Paleoecology

Testate Amoeba Functional Traits and Their Use in Paleoecology

How big is the influence of biogenic silicon pools on short-term changes in water-soluble silicon in soils? Implications from a study of a 10-year-old soil–plant system

Development of a new ecotoxicological assay using the testate amoeba Euglypha rotunda (Rhizaria; Euglyphida) and assessment of the impact of the herbicide S-metolachlor

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