Cultural Phylogenetics of the Tupi Language Family in Lowland South America

Walker, Robert; Wichmann, Søren; Mailund, Thomas; Atkisson, Curtis

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0035025

Cited by 79 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(78 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Consequently, most linguists point to this region (around the modern Brazilian state of Rondônia) as the center of origin of this linguistic stock, which had started to expand around 4,000-5,000 years ago (Migliazza 1982;Rodrigues 1984;Storto and Moore 2001;Urban 1992;Walker et al 2012). Recent craniometrics studies ) also point to an Amazonian origin of Tupí-Guaraní speakers.…”

Section: The Tupiguaranimentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergent Complexity, Changing Landscapes, and Spheres of Interaction in Southeastern South America During the Middle and Late Holocene

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Newly created academic programs at Brazilian universities have provided the impetus for new archaeological projects in southeastern South America during the last two decades. The new data are changing our views on emergent social complexity, natural and human-induced transformation of the landscape, and transcontinental expansions and cultural interactions across the Río de la Plata basin during the Middle and Late Holocene. We concentrate on six major archaeological traditions/regions: the Sambaquis, the Pantanal, the Constructores de Cerritos, the Tupiguarani, the Southern Proto-Jê, and the middle and lower Paraná River. Diverse and autonomous complex developments exhibit distinct built landscapes in a region previously thought of as marginal compared with cultural developments in the Andes or Mesoamerica. The trajectories toward increased sociopolitical complexity flourished in very different and changing environmental conditions. While some groups were pushed to wetland areas during a drier mid-Holocene, others took advantage of the more humid Late Holocene climate to intensively manage Araucaria forests. The start of the second millennium AD was a critical period marked by an increased number of archaeological sites, the construction of ceremonial architecture, and the intensification of landscape transformation; it also was marked by the rapid expansion of influences from outside the La Plata basin. The Amazonian Tupiguarani and Arawak newcomers brought with them significant changes in technologies and social and political structures, as well as novel landscape management practices.

show abstract

Section: The Tupiguaranimentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergent Complexity, Changing Landscapes, and Spheres of Interaction in Southeastern South America During the Middle and Late Holocene

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…such kind of expansions is frequently associated with important technological or cultural innovation and agriculture is putatively responsible for this expansion (Urban, 1998;Gabas, 2006;Epps, 2009, Walker et al, 2012. the idea that after dispersion the original populations would display more variability than the dispersed ones proved to be true not only in linguistic, but also in genetic studies.…”

Section: Geographic Origin Of Tupi Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origins and demographic dynamics of Tupí expansion: a genetic tale

Santos

Silva

Ewerton

et al. 2015

Bol. Mus. Para. Emílio Goeldi. Ciênc. hum.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

tupí linguistic groups display a wide geographical dispersion in south America, probably originated, as pointed by linguistic, from Madeira-Guaporé region (MGr) in Brazil. the present study reviewed genetic data on tupians for autosomal and uniparental (Y-chromosome and mtdnA) markers, using it to evaluate tupians geographic origin as well as the demographic dynamics of their dispersion from a genetic point of view. Comparison of genetic variability and mtdnA haplogroups d frequencies suggests a scenario where MGr is the tupí homeland. the relationship between five estimators of genetic variability (thetas-s, -Pi, -m2, -H and -k) shows that tupí groups from MGr and non-MGr experienced different patterns of demographic dynamics, with an ancient tupí expansion in MGr, followed by dispersion to other south America regions, probably associated to depopulation/founder effect events. furthermore, other recent depopulation events could also be detected in both regions. finally, the dispersion seems to be related to patrilocality, as suggested by comparison of uniparental markers genetic differentiation. this genetic model of dispersion dynamics may have an important impact in the interpretation of archeological and linguistic data, allowing to test if female associated technologies, like ceramic, are more extensively shared between dispersed populations than those which are not female-exclusive.Keywords: tupí homeland. demographic. tupí expansion. Patrilocality. Genetic markers.Resumo: Grupos linguísticos tupí exibem uma grande dispersão geográfica na América do sul, provavelmente originadas, conforme apontada pela linguistica, na região Madeira-Guaporé (MGr), Brasil. o presente estudo revisou dados geneticos de populacoes tupí para marcadores autossomicos e uniparentais (Y-cromossomo and mtdnA), delineando abordagens para avaliar origem geográfica, bem como a dinâmica demográfica de sua dispersão, de um ponto de vista genético. Comparação da variabilidade genetica e das frequencias do haplogrupo d do mtdnA sugere um cenário onde MGr é o local de origem tupí. A relação entre cinco estimadores de variabilidade genetica thetas-s, -Pi, -m2, -H e -k) mostram que grupos tupí da MGr não MGr experienciaram diferentes padrões de dinâmica demográfica, com uma antiga expansão tupí em MGr, seguida de dispersão para outras regiões da América do sul, provavelmente associada a eventos de depopulação/efeito fundador. Além disso, outros eventos recentes de depopulação também puderam ser detectados em ambas as regiões. finalmente, a dispersão parece estar relacionada com práticas de patrilocalidade, como sugerido pela comparação de marcadores uniparentais. Este modelo genético de dinâmica de dispersão tupí pode ter um impacto importante na interpretação dos dados arqueológicos e linguísticos, permitindo testar se tecnologias associadas ao sexo feminino, como a cerâmica, são mais amplamente compartilhadas entre populações dispersas do que tecnologias não exclusivas do sexo feminino.

show abstract

“…Another classification of the tupian family was published in Walker et al, (2012) based on a computational analysis of 40 basic vocabulary items taken from the Automated similarity Judgment Program (AJsP) database. this proposal is based 1 Aside from the tentative grouping of ramarama and Puruborá into a single clade, drude (2011) presents a classification of the tupian family that uses only these subgroups, representing the comparative work carried out by the tupi Comparative Project hosted at the Museu Goeldi in Belém.…”

Section: The Tupian Family: An Overview On the Classification Of The mentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of verbal person marking across Tupian languages

Birchall

2015

Bol. Mus. Para. Emílio Goeldi. Ciênc. hum.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

this paper explores the diachrony of the verbal person marking system across the large and structurally diverse tupian language family. i argue that the historical development of these different patterns are best informed by analyzing their synchronic distributions with regard to the current evolutionary hypotheses on the family. iNTRoDUCTioN Just as phonological systems and lexical inventories evolve over time in ways that can be indicative of the history that related languages share, so do grammatical structures. Historical morphosyntax examines both the development of a particular form in a language and the changes in its function. the phonological form of a morpheme can be reconstructed using reoccurring sound correspondences that occur systematically in the languages under comparison. the function of a morpheme can change over time through processes of extension and reanalysis (Harris;Campbell, 1995;Gildea, 1998) or through contact-induced structural change (Heath, 1984). With this in mind, the reconstruction of the function of a morpheme should be based on the distribution of structural patterns across a language family and informed by the presence of cognate forms in the various functions. the development of divergent pattern in the ways that different languages within a linguistic family express grammatical relations is one area that can especially benefit from a comparative approach to morphosyntactic diachrony. this paper explores the development of the verbal person markers across the tupian language family from a typological and historical perspective in order to provide insights into how the different forms and functions of these grammatical systems arose over time.the tupian language family shows a high degree of internal variation regarding the ways in which the obligatory participants of a clause, i.e. the arguments, are expressed on the predicate. Many of the tupian languages spoken in rondônia only index the absolutive (s/o) argument on independent main clause predicates. However, the branches primarily spoken outside of rondônia show a number of divergent patterns, such as the hierarchical marking pattern where only a single argument in transitive clauses are indexed depending on whether it is a speech act participant (sAPs; first and second persons) or not. some of these languages also display different classes of intransitive verbs that index their sole argument using different marker sets, and/or have developed portmanteau morphemes that index certain situations where sAPs act on one another. furthermore, other languages show marking patterns such as the indexation of only accusative arguments, as in Juruna, or the indexation of only nominative arguments, as in nheengatú.this paper first provides an overview of the tupian languages by presenting two classificatory proposals for the family and then examining the typological diversity that the languages display in their verbal person marking systems. this is followed by a brief outline of previous proposals on the historical develop...

show abstract

Cultural Phylogenetics of the Tupi Language Family in Lowland South America

Cited by 79 publications

References 66 publications

Emergent Complexity, Changing Landscapes, and Spheres of Interaction in Southeastern South America During the Middle and Late Holocene

Emergent Complexity, Changing Landscapes, and Spheres of Interaction in Southeastern South America During the Middle and Late Holocene

Origins and demographic dynamics of Tupí expansion: a genetic tale

A comparison of verbal person marking across Tupian languages

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About