Cultural influences on the prevalence of common mental disorder, general practitioners' assessments and help-seeking among Punjabi and English people visiting their general practitioner

Bhui, Kamaldeep; Bhugra, Dinesh; Goldberg, David; Dunn, G; Desai, Miraj U.

doi:10.1017/s0033291701003853

Cited by 82 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…In one of the first WHO-initiated crosscultural epidemiological surveys, in which depressive disorder was assessed by the Schedule for Standardized Assessment of Depressive Disorders (SADD), it was concluded that patients from four countries (Canada, Iran, Japan, Switzerland) exhibited the same 'core' of depressive symptomatology, including mood symptoms [34,48]. Other cross-cultural studies confirmed the equivalence of depressive symptoms in different countries or migrant groups [15,20,38,45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Similarity in depressive symptom profile in a population-based study of migrants in the Netherlands

Schrier

Wit

Rijmen

et al. 2009

Soc Psychiat Epidemiol

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Objective Depression is a clinical syndrome developed in Western Europe and North-America. The expression of symptoms and the impact of symptoms on functioning may therefore be expected to vary across cultures and languages. Our first aim was to study differences in depressive symptom profile between indigenous and non-Western immigrant populations in the Netherlands. We hypothesized that differences in expression of depressive symptoms would be more likely in the domains of mood and cognitions, and less likely in the domains of psychomotor and vegetative symptoms. Our second aim was to study ethnic differences in the association of depressive symptoms and general functioning. Method In a random community sample stratified for ethnicity in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, depressive symptoms were assessed by bilingual interviewers using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 2.1) and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). Impairments in functioning were measured by the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHODAS II). Results were obtained from 812 subjects: N = 321 native Dutch, N = 213 Turkish-Dutch, N = 191 Moroccan-Dutch, N = 87 Surinamese-Dutch. Differences in depressive symptom expression were tested by differential item functioning. Results The prevalence of DSM-IV depressive disorder and the overall level of depressive symptoms were higher in the Turkish and Moroccan immigrant groups compared to native Dutch subjects. Ethnic differences in item functioning of depressive symptoms were rare, and equally unlikely in all four symptom domains. Depression was equally associated with functional impairment across ethnic groups. Conclusion Although depressive symptoms were more common among migrants than in the indigenous population, both the depressive symptom profile and the associated functional impairments were comparable. These findings may help diminishing concerns about the validity of using existing diagnostic procedures among ethnic minority groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Similarity in depressive symptom profile in a population-based study of migrants in the Netherlands

Schrier

Wit

Rijmen

et al. 2009

Soc Psychiat Epidemiol

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“…[27][28][29][30][31] Prevalence studies need to be interpreted with caution, as findings may be a function of differences in helpseeking behaviours and social beliefs about the acceptability and management of psychological illness 29,[32][33][34][35] or they may represent differences in the recognition of mental health problems by health professionals. [36][37] Cultural beliefs may deter patients from attending, particularly where family support is seen as the most appropriate coping method (for example, in the Bangladeshi community), or may hamper detection if, for example, alternative concepts are proffered such as belief in the role of magic (for example, in the Yoruba community). 35 Consultation rates for mental disorders -in particular, anxiety and depressionhave been reported as lower in all immigrant groups in London general practices.…”

Section: Comparison With Existing Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…35 Consultation rates for mental disorders -in particular, anxiety and depressionhave been reported as lower in all immigrant groups in London general practices. 32 Once patients do attend their GP, there is evidence to suggest that patients coming from ethnic minorities are less likely to have mental health problems recognised, 36 and this has been shown particularly for black ethnic groups. 37 Lower anxiolytic prescribing has been reported in practices with more Asian names, 3 while a number of studies in the US have also reported that black Americans were prescribed fewer anxiolytics and hypnotics than white Americans.…”

Section: Comparison With Existing Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in anxiolytic and hypnotic prescribing by GPs: a cross-sectional analysis using data from the UK Quality and Outcomes Framework

2009

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“…This high prevalence appears to be shared by minority ethic groups in the UK such as the South Asian and Black Caribbean elderly (Bhui, Bhugra, Goldberg, Dunn, & Desai, 2001; National Centre for Social Research, 2002). It is therefore of concern that older adults from minority ethnic groups appear to have lower levels of service use compared with the majority population (Boneham & Williams, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping with depression in later life: a qualitative study of help-seeking in three ethnic groups

Lawrence¹,

Banerjee²,

Bhugra³

et al. 2006

Psychol. Med.

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Background. Research suggests high levels of depression and low levels of service use among older adults from UK minority ethnic groups. This study aimed to explore older adults' attitudes and beliefs regarding what would help someone with depression, and to consider how these may facilitate or deter older people from accessing treatment.Method. In-depth individual qualitative interviews were conducted with older adults with depression (treated and untreated) and the non-depressed older population. A multi-cultural approach was used that incorporated the perspectives of 32 black Caribbean, 33 South Asian and 45 white British older adults.Results. Participants felt that the responsibility for combating depression was an internal and individual task with support considered secondary. However, the majority expressed a willingness and desire to discuss psychosocial problems. Within the black Caribbean group, conversing with God through prayer was seen as an effective means of overcoming depression, while a large proportion of South Asian and white British participants identified families as an important source of help. There was wide variation in how older adults construed the role of the general practitioner (GP) and many expressed acute awareness of the demands on GPs' time.Conclusions. Efforts to socialize and remain active may provide a useful and acceptable adjunct to clinical interventions. However, there is a need to communicate that depression often necessitates formal help, and that it is acceptable to voice concerns regarding emotional states in a GP consultation. The findings suggest that older adults would welcome the opportunity to discuss their feelings with health-care professionals.

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Cultural influences on the prevalence of common mental disorder, general practitioners' assessments and help-seeking among Punjabi and English people visiting their general practitioner

Cited by 82 publications

References 22 publications

Similarity in depressive symptom profile in a population-based study of migrants in the Netherlands

Similarity in depressive symptom profile in a population-based study of migrants in the Netherlands

Variations in anxiolytic and hypnotic prescribing by GPs: a cross-sectional analysis using data from the UK Quality and Outcomes Framework

Coping with depression in later life: a qualitative study of help-seeking in three ethnic groups

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