Cultural distance, expatriate staffing and subsidiary performance: The case of US subsidiaries of multinational corporations

Performance management practices within emerging market multinational enterprises: the case of Brazilian multinationals

“…However, as noted above, MNEs do not tend to standardise entire HR systems but rather focus on HR practices that are seen as strategically significant in the value chain (Festing & Eidems, 2011). Equally, recent research suggests that standardisation may occur in a phased way, with standardisation being rolled out in geographically proximate subsidiaries before more distant units (Colakoglu & Caligiuri, 2008).…”

Expatriates, subsidiary autonomy and the overseas subsidiary performance of MNEs from an emerging economy

“…The extant literature has used multiple theories to examine the optimal level of expatriates, such as institutional theory (Xu, Pan, & Beamish, 2004), transaction-cost economics (TCE) (Benito, et al, 2005;Colakoglu & Caligiuri, 2008;Tan & Mahoney, 2006) and resource-based theory (Tan & Mahoney, 2006). The findings from existing studies have enhanced our understanding of the importance of expatriates in MNEs' overseas operations.…”

“…Secondly, while previous studies have predominantly focused on the impact of expatriates from well-established MNEs (Colakoglu & Caligiuri, 2008;Gaur, Delios, & Singh, 2007;Gong, 2003a), few have examined the role of expatriates from EEMNEs in a variety of host countries with diverse institutional qualities (Turcan & Juho, 2012). Our study fills this gap by investigating the adaptive subsidiary control strategies of Chinese MNEs.…”

“…In addition, previous research on expatriation and subsidiary performance has overwhelmingly focused on the direct impact of expatriates on subsidiary performance through the lenses of transaction-cost economics (TCE) (Benito, et al, 2005;Colakoglu & Caligiuri, 2008;Tan & Mahoney, 2006) and institutional theory (Xu, Pan, & Beamish, 2004) without considering the role of subsidiary autonomy.…”

“…Over recent decades, the influence of expatriates on subsidiary performance has been an important theme in international business and international human resource management (HRM) research (Colakoglu & Caligiuri, 2008;Gaur, Delios, & Singh, 2007;Gong, 2003a). The term expatriates in this study refers to parent country nationals from multinational enterprise (MNE) parent companies assigned to their foreign subsidiaries (Tan & Mahoney, 2006).…”