Cultural Competence Models in Nursing

eSimulation: A novel approach to enhancing cultural competence within a health care organisation

“…In Australia there is particular emphasis on its inclusion in nurse education in the clinical environment (NSW Ministry of Health, 2012). Various approaches to cultural competency training have been described in the literature over the past ten years (Long, 2012;Alexander, 2008). Cultural awareness and cultural sensitivity approaches have preferenced cultural briefings on the traditions and customs of ethno-specific groups (Leishman, 2004), however, concerns have been raised about the promotion of stereotypes (Betancourt, 2006;Beach et al, 2005).…”

“…Johnstone and Kanitsaki (2006) have emphasised training in the use of professional interpreters, arguing that culture, language and safety are interlinked. Patient centred approaches have focused on the social, cultural and economic influences on individuals' health related values, beliefs and behaviours (Renzaho et al, 2013;Betancourt, 2006;Beach et al, 2005) while systems approaches have emphasised organisational cultural competence (Johnstone and Kanitsaki, 2006;NHMRC, 2006;Stewart, 2006), where training is seen as a strategic approach to improving organizational performance (Roberts et al, 2014;Alexander, 2008;Curtis et al, 2007).…”

“…Education and training of health professionals in cultural competence has been identified as a necessary strategy to developing culturally sensitive, congruent and responsive clinical practice (Alexander, 2008). There is a significant emphasis on cultural competency in undergraduate nursing training in the international literature (Roberts et al, 2014;Long, 2012).…”

“…Achievement of cultural competence requires a multifaceted approach targeting structural and systemic aspects of the health system as well as developing a culturally competent workforce (Alexander, 2008;NHMRC, 2006). Differing terminology is noted in the international literature when describing minority populations, with a strong focus on under-served racial and ethnic groups in the United States (US), minority ethnic or culturally diverse groups in the United Kingdom and non-English speaking background (NESB) and/or culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) populations in Australia (Roberts et al, 2014;NSW Ministry of Health, 2012;Long, 2012;Bhui et al, 2007).…”

“…Despite differences in terminology, there are consistent strategies recommended to address the multiple socio-cultural barriers to health care to these target populations. These include the recruitment of people from target communities into the health workforce, routine use of interpreter services and translated health education materials for people with limited English language proficiency (LEP), cultural tailoring of health care programs and cultural competency training for health professionals (Gari et al, 2013;Alexander, 2008).…”