Cultural Adaptation and administration of public awareness questionnaire on hearing health and hearing loss in Karnataka: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: Maintaining good hearing health is crucial for effective communication and awareness of one’s surroundings. However, if not adequately addressed, various factors such as lifestyle, illness, genetic disorders, age, and leisure activities can contribute to hearing loss. This study seeks to culturally adapt, administer, and evaluate public awareness of hearing loss and hearing health in Karnataka. It is essential to prioritize hearing health and take proactive measures to prevent and treat hearing loss. Methods: The design used in this study was a cross-sectional survey design. The sampling method used in this study was Quota sampling. In total, 720 participants aged 20–60 completed a culturally adapted questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 22 questions targeting the awareness of hearing loss and hearing health, focusing on four domains: (1) Knowledge about infant hearing loss, (2) Cleaning and treatment, (3) The effect of overexposure to noise and loud sounds, (4) Diagnostic delay. Results: Approximately 70% of the correct responses were given to almost all the statements. However, specific essential Knowledge on the impact of tinnitus on hearing and the use of ear protective devices during noise exposure was lacking. Only 56% and 50.23% knew about specialized tests available for a hearing evaluation and the recommended standards on the duration of noise exposure. Conclusions: It is essential to increase public awareness of the impact of ringing sensation on a person’s daily activities. Many people need to be aware of the guidelines for reducing exposure to high-intensity noises, which underscores the need for informative initiatives on noise reduction. The audiological questionnaire used was simple, practical, and reliable, and the results showed the need for ongoing development of hearing conservation programs. To ensure continued progress, these programs should focus on hearing aid management, early detection of infant hearing loss, and noise exposure prevention.