Cultura e desejo: a construção da identidade adicta no cenário contemporâneo

Abstract

A drogadição, embora presente em toda a história da humanidade, apresenta-se atualmente como uma expressão do mal-estar contemporâneo. Torna-se importante ocuparmo-nos de pensar o cenário atual, desde a nova ordem econômica mundial até as qualidades das relações interpessoais, para buscar possíveis relações deste no aumento de casos de adições. A partir desta proposta, abordamos a cultura enquanto fator contribuinte para a produção de identidades adictas já que anuncia a escassez de ideais compartilhados e de instâncias que ocupem o lugar da função paterna.

A abordagem dos termos dependência química, toxicomania e drogadição no campo da Psicologia brasileira

“…The search based on 'toxicomania' resulted in seven articles (Belo, 2012;Bento, 2008;Lisita & Rosa, 2011;Macedo, Dockhorn, & Kegler, 2014;Pereira, 2008;Romanini & Roso, 2012;Silva & Ulhôa, 2015). And regarding the term "drug addiction," six articles were found (Andretta & Oliveira, 2011;Cunha, Silveira, & Paiva Filho, 2012;Giacobone & Macedo, 2013; Lermen, Dartora, & Capra-Ramos, 2014;…”

“…Regarding the theoretical studies, out of ten, four were found in searches of "drug addiction" (Cunha et al, 2012;Giacobone & Macedo, 2013;Lermen et al, 2014;Savietto & Cardoso, 2009); three in searches of 'toxicomania' (Belo, 2012;Bento, 2008;Romanini & Roso, 2012); and three when searching "chemical dependency" (Cunda & Silva, 2014;Machado & Boarini, 2013;Pratta & Santos, 2009). These studies address different topics, highlighting the specificities of psychoactive substance consumption in modern times, a theme addressed in four articles.…”

“…In this category, predominantly theoretical studies were found (five of a total of eight articles), which analyzes drug addiction among the characteristics of contemporary society. It highlights a search for immediate and constant satisfaction that could be found in objects of consumption, such as drugs, prevails (Cunha et al, 2012;Giacobone & Macedo, 2013;Raupp & Milnitsky-Sapiro, 2009). However, the idea that satisfaction through drug use generates a constant wellbeing is a fallacy.…”

“…As pointed out in the category above of "Toxicomania," when trying to reduce malaise with drugs, another type of malaise is generated, perhaps even more dangerous (Freud, 1930(Freud, /2011Romanini & Roso, 2012). Giacobone and Macedo (2013) address drug addiction like Romanini and Roso (2012) consider toxicomania: as a form of submission to the order that governs society, that is, consumption. A drug abuser, usually understood as a "villain," could be seen as "a true hero," because "this subject fully exercises the logic of capitalism by rampantly consuming the same object until reaching ecstasy" (Giacobone & Macedo, 2013, p. 64).…”

“…In general, the studies that address drug addiction are similar to those addressing toxicomania, as they also adopt the perspective of a relationship between the individual and an object of consumption, specifically, a drug (Cunha et al, 2012;Giacobone & Macedo, 2013). In drug addiction, besides an exclusive relationship, as seen in toxicomania, the individual is subjugated by the object and becomes a slave (Vargas et al, 1993).…”