Cultivation of maize landraces by small-scale shade coffee farmers in western El Salvador

Olson, Meryl; Morris, Katlyn S.; Méndez, V. Ernesto

doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2012.05.005

Cited by 29 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…However, landrace varieties were more commonly planted on steep slopes compared to modern varieties, suggesting negative effects of the slope rather than seed type appeared to drive the yield difference. Slope was negatively correlated with yield for both seed types, while other analyses showed that yield between modern varieties and landraces did not differ [17].…”

Section: ) Findings From Field Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Farmers chose landraces for sandy soils in their region due to a lower winter mortality of landraces. Olson et al [17] tested factors that influence farmers' choices between landraces and modern varieties of maize for small-scale coffee farms in El Salvador. Yields in plots planted with modern varieties were significantly higher than yields in plots planted with landraces.…”

Section: ) Findings From Field Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This concentration on few crops and varieties is promoted by the privatization of seed material and usage restrictions by patents and variety protection laws [14,15]. However, high-yielding crop varieties may cause crop failure under sub-optimal cultivation conditions on marginal locations, thereby increase hunger and downgrade sovereign food production in countries of the global South [16][17][18]. Further, this development contributes to the proceeding decline of ecosystem services as reported in the MEA (2005) [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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More than Yield: Ecosystem Services of Traditional versus Modern Crop Varieties Revisited

et al. 2018

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Agricultural intensification with modern plant breeding focuses on few high-yielding crops and varieties. The loss of traditional crop species and variety diversity contributes to the current decline of provisioning, regulating, and cultural ecosystem services, as reported in the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Access to local and adapted varieties is pivotal for resilient agroecosystems, in particular under current global change. We reviewed the scientific literature to understand the role of different crop varieties for ecosystem services, comparing the performance and perception of traditional landraces versus modern varieties and ask the following questions: 1. Do landraces and modern varieties differ in terms of provisioning and regulating ecosystem services? 2. When and why do farmers prefer cultural ecosystem services of landraces over high-yielding varieties? Based on 41 publications, our results document that modern varieties are preferred over landraces because of their typically higher provisioning services such as crop yield. However, landraces often guarantee higher provisioning services under non-optimal farming conditions. Landraces can show high resilience under harsh environmental conditions and are a trusted source achieving stable crop yield (e.g., under droughts stress). Regulating services such as resistance against pests and diseases appear to often become lost during breeding for high-yielding, modern varieties. Furthermore, small-scale farmers typically prefer local landraces due to regional cultural features such as family traditions and cooking characteristics for special dishes. In conclusion, both landraces and modern varieties have merit depending on the farmers' priorities and the social-ecological context. In any case, maintaining and restoring the huge diversity of landrace varieties is necessary for sustaining current and future needs.

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Section: ) Findings From Field Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: ) Findings From Field Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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More than Yield: Ecosystem Services of Traditional versus Modern Crop Varieties Revisited

et al. 2018

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“…Another example is Tuxpeño crema, a Mexican cultivar which is characterized to be a late maturing cultivar and resistant to tropical foliar diseases, also with white kernels, short and has strong stalk (Rodriguez et al, 1998). Therefore, landraces are expected to be a very important source of new and unique alleles which have not yet been well exploited (Mercer and Wainwright, 2007;Olson et al, 2012). However, limited characterization data of landraces have caused difficulties to use, manage and conserve them (Rao and Hodgkin, 2002;Drinic et al, 2012;Prasanna, 2012;Sood et al, 2014).…”

Section: Importance Of Landracesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of maize accessions for maizelethal necrosis disease resistance

Ndakidemi

Sospeter

Ndunguru

et al. 2016

IJARe

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Maize is among the most preferred crop in Tanzania and other parts of the world. However, its production has been facing a number of challenges. Maize Lethal Necrosis Disease (MLND) is a new challenge in Eastern Africa. The control of MLND is said to be complicated as it is caused by a combination of more than one virus viz. Maize Chlorotic Mottle Virus (MCMV) and Sugarcane Mosaic Virus (SCMV). Stakeholders agree that the priority is to identify MLND resistant maize varieties. Genetic diversity provides the source of traits required against maize production challenges such as MLND. The study of genetic diversity in maize accessions often involves characterizing morphological plant characteristics as well as molecular marker techniques to study variation at DNA level. This review explores different literatures that address the importance of genetic diversity and the possibility of generating information towards obtaining potential materials against maize challenges and MLND in particular.

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“…The maize crop plays an active role in the world economy and widely used for trade (Olson et al, 2012). FAO (2007) reported that the demand of Maize in sub-Saharan Africa between increasing by 50% as worldwide and by 93% up to 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bayesian Credible Intervals for Maize Grain Yields of the Maintenance Varieties Evaluated in Sudan

Omer

Abdalla

Alzain³

et al. 2017

Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol

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Improved of maintenance crop varieties developed at agricultural research corporation, Wad median, Sudan is intended for seed foundation which is recently established. This study was undertaken to establish statistical investigation using Bayesian estimation for credible interval or posterior interval as a Bayesian strategy for a maintenance variety. Data on grain yield (kg/ha) on a maize crop variety were used. Bayesian posterior information can be annoying to investigate but are important in maintenance varieties that foundational claims are used to make general recommendations for practice. Half normal informative priors set were used. The heritability of yield (varieties)) was (h = 0.75). Predicted posterior means of varieties were shown with a Bayesian interval for scientific inference in the maintenance maize grain yield. Bayesian approach is useful for reducing uncertainty on decisions based on economic evaluation of new maize varieties in Sudan, the use of credible intervals for grain yield allow for early decisions.

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Cultivation of maize landraces by small-scale shade coffee farmers in western El Salvador

Cited by 29 publications

References 48 publications

More than Yield: Ecosystem Services of Traditional versus Modern Crop Varieties Revisited

More than Yield: Ecosystem Services of Traditional versus Modern Crop Varieties Revisited

Genetic diversity of maize accessions for maizelethal necrosis disease resistance

Bayesian Credible Intervals for Maize Grain Yields of the Maintenance Varieties Evaluated in Sudan

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