Cultivating Work Engagement and its Related Factors in Saudi Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background Work engagement in nursing is pivotal for quality care and workforce stability. Under the healthcare goals of Vision 2030, understanding and improving the engagement of nurses is critical in Saudi Arabia. Yet, the current literature on the work engagement of Saudi nurses is scant, presenting a knowledge gap. Objective This study aimed to evaluate work engagement levels among Saudi nurses at King Abdulaziz Hospital, Jeddah, and identify key contributing factors. Methods A quantitative cross-sectional study design was utilized. A structured questionnaire assessing demographic information, work-related characteristics, and levels of work engagement using the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale was distributed electronically to 466 Saudi nurses at the hospital in November, 2019. Two hundred twenty-four nurses responded. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Spearman's correlation and linear regression analysis to examine relationships between engagement and factors. Results The mean engagement score was 66.16%, with absorption scoring the highest. Work engagement was significantly associated with years of experience, work position, and employment status. Engagement was higher in nurses with over 20 years of experience and managers. Income level approached a significant relationship with engagement. Demographic factors did not correlate significantly with engagement. Conclusion The study found that work engagement among Saudi nurses was significantly influenced by experience, work position, and employment status. These findings highlight the need for a strategic focus on career development and job satisfaction to boost engagement. Future research should explore interventions that enhance engagement and their effects on healthcare outcomes.